The present disclosure relates to methods for determining a viral titer of a biological sample, suitably from a mammalian cell sample. The methods include the use of mechanical disruption of the cells, followed by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) to determine the viral titer. Methods of mechanical disruption suitably include the use of glass beads.

The present disclosure relates to methods for determining a viral titer of a biological sample, suitably from a mammalian cell sample. The methods include the use of mechanical disruption of the cells, followed by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) to determine the viral titer. Methods of mechanical disruption suitably include the use of glass beads.

Methods for detecting polynucleotides, especially the DNA replicated from samples obtained from subjects infected with pathogenic viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, by detecting electromagnetic signals (“EMS”) emitted by such polynucleotides, and methods for improving the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (“PCR”).

Methods for detecting polynucleotides, especially the DNA replicated from samples obtained from subjects infected with pathogenic viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, by detecting electromagnetic signals (“EMS”) emitted by such polynucleotides, and methods for improving the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (“PCR”).

Devices, containers, and methods are provided for performing biological analysis in a closed environment. Illustrative biological analyses include nucleic acid amplification and detection and immuno-PCR.

Devices, containers, and methods are provided for performing biological analysis in a closed environment. Illustrative biological analyses include nucleic acid amplification and detection and immuno-PCR.

Provided herein is a method of moving a double-stranded polynucleotide with respect to a nanopore using a motor protein. The method allows a portion of the polynucleotide to be interrogated by the pore multiple times. Also provided are polynucleotide adapters and kits comprising such adapters. The methods find use in characterising polynucleotides, for example in sequencing.

Provided herein is a method of moving a double-stranded polynucleotide with respect to a nanopore using a motor protein. The method allows a portion of the polynucleotide to be interrogated by the pore multiple times. Also provided are polynucleotide adapters and kits comprising such adapters. The methods find use in characterising polynucleotides, for example in sequencing.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for determining a presence or abundance of an analyte in a biological sample. The methods disclosed herein include: (a) providing a biological sample on a substrate comprising a plurality of capture probes, wherein a capture probe of the plurality of capture probes comprises a capture domain; (b) releasing the analyte from the biological sample; (c) affixing a stretching moiety to the analyte; (d) hybridizing the analyte to the capture domain of the capture probe; (e) applying a stretching force to the stretching moiety, thereby elongating the analyte hybridized to the capture domain; and (f) generating an extended capture probe using the analyte as a template.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for determining a presence or abundance of an analyte in a biological sample. The methods disclosed herein include: (a) providing a biological sample on a substrate comprising a plurality of capture probes, wherein a capture probe of the plurality of capture probes comprises a capture domain; (b) releasing the analyte from the biological sample; (c) affixing a stretching moiety to the analyte; (d) hybridizing the analyte to the capture domain of the capture probe; (e) applying a stretching force to the stretching moiety, thereby elongating the analyte hybridized to the capture domain; and (f) generating an extended capture probe using the analyte as a template.