An embodiment of the present invention provides a tobacco plant having a low alkaloid content. In the tobacco plant, a function of a gene encoding aspartate oxidase AO2 is suppressed.

The invention relates to a genetically modified prokaryotic cell capable of improved iron-sulfur cluster delivery, characterized by a modified gene encoding a mutant Iron Sulfur Cluster Regulator (IscR) and one or more transgenes or upregulated endogenous genes encoding iron-sulfur (Fe—S) cluster polypeptides or proteins that catalyze complex radical-mediated molecular rearrangements, electron transfer, radical or non-redox reactions, sulfur donation or perform regulatory functions. The prokaryotic cells are characterized by enhanced activity of these iron-sulfur (Fe—S) cluster polypeptides, enhancing their respective functional capacity, and facilitating enhanced yields of compounds in free and protein-bound forms, including heme, hemoproteins, tetrapyrroles, B vitamins, amino acids, δ-aminolevulinic acid, biofuels, isoprenoids, pyrroloquinoline quinone, ammonia, indigo, or their precursors, whose biosynthesis depends on their activity. The invention further relates to a method for producing said compounds or their precursors using the genetically modified prokaryotic cell of the invention, and the use of the genetically modified prokaryotic cell.

The present invention relates to microbial host cells that have been engineered for increased tolerance to temperature shifts, for increased performance at temperatures different from the microorganism's optimal temperature and/or for changing at least one of the microorganism's cardinal temperatures by replacing an endogenous NAD.sup.+ biosynthesis gene by a heterologous gene encoding a corresponding enzyme with another temperature profile and/or from a microorganism with a different optimum growth temperature. The invention further relates to processes wherein the engineered microbial host cells are used for producing a fermentation product, and to the use nucleotide sequences encoding NAD.sup.+ biosynthesis gene for changing at least one of a microorganism's cardinal temperatures and/or for improving a microorganism's tolerance to temperature shifts.

The invention relates to a method for increasing the yield and biomass of a plant, by means of an increase in the expression of the L-aspartate oxidase in the plant. The method according to the invention allows an increase in the photosynthetic capacities of the plants as a result of an increase in the quantities of NAO and the derivatives thereof in said plants. The invention relates to the plants produced by such a method.

The invention relates to a method for increasing the yield and biomass of a plant, by means of an increase in the expression of the L-aspartate oxidase in the plant. The method according to the invention allows an increase in the photosynthetic capacities of the plants as a result of an increase in the quantities of NAD and the derivatives thereof in said plants. The invention relates to the plants produced by such a method.

The present invention relates to autotrophic microorganisms with altered photorespiration and improved CO.sub.2 fixation as well as a method of producing said autotrophic microorganisms. Particularly, the autotrophic microorganisms show an improved growth rate, productivity and energy conversion efficiency.

The present invention relates to autotrophic microorganisms with altered photorespiration and improved CO.sub.2 fixation as well as a method of producing said autotrophic microorganisms. Particularly, the autotrophic microorganisms show an improved growth rate, productivity and energy conversion efficiency.

The present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism producing quinolinic acid, more particularly, a microorganism producing quinolinic acid and having attenuated activity or eliminated activity of a protein having a sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and a method of producing quinolinic acid by using the recombinant microorganism.

The present invention relates to a novel method, expression vectors, and host cells for producing nicotinic acid riboside by regulating the pathways that lead to the production of nicotinic acid riboside.

The present disclosure relates to a microorganism having producing ability of quinolinic acid and a method for producing quinolinic acid using the microorganism.