Materials and methods are provided for making soybean varieties that have altered oil composition as a result of one or more mutation modulating the expression of a SACPD-C gene, a FATB-1A gene, or both the SACPD-C and FATB-1A genes. For example, a soybean plant, plant part, or plant cell producing an oil that has increased saturated fatty acid content as compared to oil produced from a corresponding soybean plant, plant part, or plant cell lacking the one or more mutations is provided.

Recombinant DNA techniques are used to produce oleaginous recombinant cells that produce triglyceride oils having desired fatty acid profiles and regiospecific or stereospecific profiles. Genes manipulated include those encoding stearoyl-ACP desturase, delta 12 fatty acid desaturase, acyl-ACP thioesterase, ketoacyl-ACP synthase, and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase. The oil produced can have enhanced oxidative or thermal stability, can be useful as a frying oil, shortening, roll-in shortening, tempering fat, cocoa butter replacement, as a lubricant, or as a feedstock for various chemical processes. The fatty acid profile can be enriched in midchain profiles or the oil can be enriched in triglycerides of the saturated-unsaturated-saturated type.

Methods to produce oils with modified profiles of fatty acid, carotenoids and/or terpenoids in microalgal mutants are provided. Microalgal mutants produce the oil containing fatty acids, carotenoids and/or terpenoids of a modified profile with a disruption or ablation of one or more alleles of an endogenous polynucleotide or comprising an exogeneous gene are also provided.

The problem solved by the present invention is to provide a high-stearic acid sunflower line. This problem is solved by a sunflower seed comprising a sequence insertion mutation on the 3′ side from the TATA box and on the 5′ side from the start codon of a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase 17 (SAD17) gene.

The invention provides wild type stearoyl-ACP type desaturase, and its mutants, particularly T117R and D280K, for converting oleoyl-ACP, the normal product of the stearoyl-ACP desaturase, to a vicinal diol, erythro 9, 10 dihydroxy stearate. The invention provides mutant or variant stearoyl-ACP type desaturase polypeptides having one or more amino acid substitutions, particularly one or more substitution at amino acid 117 and/or amino acid 280, of the plastid enzyme polypeptide. The mutant polypeptides provide for higher vicinal diol, particularly 9, 10 dihydroxy stearate, compared to wild type stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturase, including when the mutant stearoyl-ACP type desaturase is expressed in host cells. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the mutant stearoyl-ACP type desaturase, constructs and host cells comprising the polynucleotides, methods for producing a vicinal diol, erythro 9, 10 dihydroxy stearate, in host cells. The invention also relates to plants, particularly transgenic or recombinantly engineered plants, expressing one or more of the mutant a vicinal diol, erythro 9, 10 dihydroxy stearate polypeptides, as well as seeds derived from the plants.

Plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the hybrid rice HR170002, and methods for producing a rice plant by crossing a rice plant of hybrid rice HR170002 with itself or with another rice plant, such as a plant of another rice variety or rice hybrid, are disclosed.

Methods to produce oils with modified profiles of fatty acid, carotenoids and/or terpenoids in microalgal mutants are provided. Microalgal mutants produce the oil containing fatty acids, carotenoids and/or terpenoids of a modified profile with a disruption or ablation of one or more alleles of an endogenous polynucleotide or comprising an exogeneous gene are also provided.

Recombinant proteobacteria, including ?-proteobacteria, comprising a heterologous acyl-ACP desaturase and a heterologous acyl-ACP thioesterase, wherein the native dual 3-hydroxy acyl-ACP dehydratase/isomerase is deleted are provided herein. The recombinant proteobacteria produce non-native monounsaturated free fatty acids or derivatives thereof. Methods of producing non-native monounsaturated free fatty acids or derivatives thereof are also provided, in addition to cell cultures and fatty acid compositions produced by the recombinant proteobacteria. The recombinant proteobacteria may be used to produce insect pheromones or precursors thereof, and fragrances or precursors thereof.

Plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the hybrid rice HR170002, and methods for producing a rice plant by crossing a rice plant of hybrid rice HR170002 with itself or with another rice plant, such as a plant of another rice variety or rice hybrid, are disclosed.

Methods to produce oils with modified profiles of fatty acid, carotenoids and/or terpenoids in microalgal mutants are provided. Microalgal mutants produce the oil containing fatty acids, carotenoids and/or terpenoids of a modified profile with a disruption or ablation of one or more alleles of an endogenous polynucleotide or comprising an exogeneous gene are also provided.