Provided are certain glycosyl hydrolase family 3 (GH3) beta-xylosidases engineered to acquire beta-glucosidase activities. Provided also are compositions comprising such multi-functional GH3 enzymes and methods of use or industrial applications thereof.

The present invention relates to enzyme compositions for high temperature saccharification of cellulosic material and to uses thereof.

The present invention is directed to a yeast strain, or strains, secreting a full suite, or any subset of that full suite, of enzymes to hydrolyze corn starch, corn fiber, lignocellulose, (including enzymes that hydrolyze linkages in cellulose, hemicellulose, and between lignin and carbohydrates) and to utilize pentose sugars (xylose and arabinose). The invention is also directed to the set of proteins that are well expressed in yeast for each category of enzymatic activity. The resulting strain, or strains can be used to hydrolyze starch and cellulose simultaneously. The resulting strain, or strains can be also metabolically engineered to produce less glycerol and uptake acetate. The resulting strain, or strains can also be used to produce ethanol from granular starch without liquefaction. The resulting strain, or strains, can be further used to reduce the amount of external enzyme needed to hydrolyze a biomass feedstock during an Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) process, or to increase the yield of ethanol during SSF at current saccharolytic enzyme loadings. In addition, multiple enzymes of the present invention can be co-expressed in cells of the invention to provide synergistic digestive action on biomass feedstock. In some aspects, host cells expressing different heterologous saccharolytic enzymes can also be co-cultured together and used to produce ethanol from biomass feedstock.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of colchicine 1 from colchicoside 2 which comprises enzymatic conversion of colchicoside 2 to 3-O-demethylcolchicine 3, wherein the enzyme used is a cellulase. According to another aspect of the invention, 3-O-demethylcolchicine 3 can be converted to colchicine 1 using an alkylating agent. The invention also relates to a process or enriching the colchicine 1 content of extracts from plants belonging to the Colchicaceae family containing colchicine 1, colchicoside 2 and 3-(9-demethyl colchicine 3, which comprises conversion by means of a colchicoside 2 cellulase to 3-O-demethylcolchicine 3, followed by conversion of 3-O-demethylcolchicine 3 to colchicine 1 using an alkylating agent.

A packaged lactase solution that prevents clogging of a filter. A lactase solution is present in a container, in which a head space volume in the container is controlled to 20% or less relative to the total volume of the container. The packaged lactase solution is a lactase activity within the range of 10-100,000 NLU/g. The packaged lactase solution is substantially transparent. the temperature of the lactase solution and the temperature of the container are above 0° C. and 20° C. or lower. The material of the container is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin.

The present invention relates to a process for forming a functionalised dietary fibre comprising admixing an enzyme and an aqueous suspension of dietary fibre, wherein said dietary fibre is at a D.sub.50 particle size distribution of less than 30 microns after degradation by the enzyme and comprises less than 25 wt. % soluble fibres and at least 40% wt. % cellulose; denaturing said enzyme to form a functionalised, amphiphilic dietary fibre with adsorbed enzyme. The present invention further relates to a Pickering particle comprising a functionalised dietary fibre and denatured enzyme and the use of the functionalised dietary fibre and denatured enzyme according to present invention or the Pickering particle according to the present invention to stabilize an emulsion.

The present invention relates to a process for forming a functionalised dietary fibre comprising admixing an enzyme and an aqueous suspension of dietary fibre, wherein said dietary fibre is at a D.sub.50 particle size distribution of less than 30 microns after degradation by the enzyme and comprises less than 25 wt. % soluble fibres and at least 40% wt. % cellulose; denaturing said enzyme to form a functionalised, amphiphilic dietary fibre with adsorbed enzyme. The present invention further relates to a Pickering particle comprising a functionalised dietary fibre and denatured enzyme and the use of the functionalised dietary fibre and denatured enzyme according to present invention or the Pickering particle according to the present invention to stabilize an emulsion.

The present invention pertains to an inventive release mechanism for extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated intracellular and intramembrane delivery of therapeutic polypeptides. More specifically, the invention relates to EVs comprising polypeptide constructs which comprise a therapeutic polypeptide releasably attached to an exosomal polypeptide. Furthermore, the present invention pertains to manufacturing methods, pharmaceutical compositions, medical uses and applications, and various other embodiments related to the inventive EVs.

Provided herein are compositions and methods of using a bicistronic vector for treating or preventing a lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) in a subject. The disclosed compositions comprise a bicistronic vector comprising a promoter, an Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES), a polynucleotide encoding a lysosomal enzyme and a polynucleotide encoding a modified GlcNAc-1 phosphotransferase (GlcNAc-1 PTase). The present methods comprise administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising the bicistronic vector as disclosed herein.

A medium containing (A) a chromogenic substance which develops a color when decomposed by β-glucosidase or a fluorogenic substance which develops a fluorescence when decomposed by β-glucosidase; (B) a chromogenic substance which develops a color when decomposed by phosphatidyl inositol-specific phospholipase C or a fluorogenic substance which develops a fluorescence when decomposed by phosphatidyl inositol-specific phospholipase C; and (C) a sugar that is useful for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes and/or Listeria ivanovii.