The invention provides a method for combating biofilm, said method comprising contacting a biofilm with a composition comprising an effective amount of antimicrobial peptide biofilm enzyme combinations, preferably in the form of a fusion protein. The biofilm may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides a composition for use in the treatment or prevention of a biofilm in a subject, particularly in the oral cavity.

The present invention provides nucleotide sequences of Macrophomina phaseolina (“M. phaseolina”) that encodes proteins/enzymes with cellulolytic activity, including a cellulase activity, a endoglucanase, a cellobiohydrolase, a β-glucosidase, a a-glucosidase, a xylanase, a mannanse, a β-xylosidase, a a-xylosidase, a galactosidase, an arabinofuranosidase, a a-fucosidases, a β-galactanase, an unsaturated β-glucuronyl hydrolase and/or oligomerase activity. Vectors, expression constructs and host cells comprising and/or consisting of the nucleotide sequences of the enzyme genes are also provided. The invention further provides methods for producing the enzymes and methods for modifying the enzymes in order to improve their desirable characteristics. The enzymes of the invention can be used in a variety of, but not limited to, pharmaceutical, agricultural, food and feed processing, biofuel, energy efficiency and industrial contexts. These enzymes are also useful for complete hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass into simple sugar that can then be fermented to liquid fuels and chemical feedstocks.

The present disclosure relates to an enzyme complex of arabinose isomerase, agarase and 3,6-anhydro galactosidase and a method for producing tagatose by degrading agar using the same. By using the enzyme complex according to the present disclosure, agar obtained from marine biomass can be degraded effectively and useful physiologically active substances such as tagatose can be obtained effectively therefrom.

The present invention provides compositions and formulations comprising glutathione with or without thiocyanate and methods of use thereof to treat diseases and disorders in mucosal/epithelial tissue.

The invention provides a method for combating biofilm, said method comprising contacting a biofilm with a composition comprising effective amounts of one or more biofilm degrading enzymes in combination with antimicrobial agents or antimicrobial essential oils. The biofilm may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In a preferred aspect the invention provides a composition and method for use in the treatment or prevention of a biofilm infection in a subject, particularly in the oral cavity.

Systems and methods for eradicating biofilms by killing bacteria within a biofilm, degrading the matrix and removing biofilm debris are disclosed herein. The disclosed subject matter provides techniques for administering a suspension of H.sub.2O.sub.2 and iron oxide nanoparticles to substantially eradicate bacteria within a biofilm matrix and degrade the bio film matrix, actuating the iron oxide nanoparticles for assembly into biohybrid robots suitable for removal of biofilm debris, and moving the biohybrid robots to remove the bio film debris from accessible or enclosed surfaces. In some embodiments, the disclosed subject matter can include embedding iron oxide nanoparticles in a hydrogel to form a soft robotic structure, administering the soft robotic structure to a biofilm-covered location, and magnetizing the soft robot structure to substantially eradicate bacteria within a biofilm matrix, degrade the biofilm matrix, and remove biofilm debris from enclosed surfaces.

The present invention provides compositions and formulations comprising glutathione with or without thiocyanate and methods of use thereof to treat diseases and disorders in mucosal/epithelial tissue.

What is required is a method of producing, without treating a glycoprotein in a biological sample with a denaturing agent in advance, a selectively binding material, which specifically reacts with a glycan of a glycoprotein, a selectively binding material such as antibody thus produced by the method, and a method of specifically detecting a glycoprotein by using the selectively binding material.

In order to solve the problems, the present invention produces a selectively binding material specifically reactive with a glycan of a glycoprotein by treating the glycoprotein with a glycan-specific glycan-cleaving enzyme.

The present disclosure relates to an enzyme complex of arabinose isomerase, agarase and 3,6-anhydro galactosidase and a method for producing tagatose by degrading agar using the same. By using the enzyme complex according to the present disclosure, agar obtained from marine biomass can be degraded effectively and useful physiologically active substances such as tagatose can be obtained effectively therefrom.

The present invention provides compositions and formulations comprising glutathione with or without thiocyanate and methods of use thereof to treat diseases and disorders in mucosal/epithelial tissue.