Leather and similar materials are formed using graduated molds. A solvent is applied to the leather to saturate the leather. The saturated leather is put through a series of molds, each being more pronounced than the previous. An elastomer is applied after molding to provide structural support for features created through molding.

Leather and similar materials are formed using graduated molds. A solvent is applied to the leather to saturate the leather. The saturated leather is put through a series of molds, each being more pronounced than the previous. An elastomer is applied after molding to provide structural support for features created through molding.

Provided is a piercing tool which can be used by optionally replacing a distal end portion, which is to be first brought into abutment against an object to be pierced such as the ground, and can rigidly mount the distal end portion. A piercing tool (1) includes: a distal end portion (2), which has a cylindrical shape, and is to be first brought into abutment against an object; and a main body portion (3), which has a cylindrical shape at at least a part of the main body portion (3), and has one end portion to which the distal end portion (2) is mounted. The distal end portion (2) is configured so as to be removably mounted to the one end portion (32) of the main body portion (3). The main body portion (3) has an outer peripheral surface having a male thread (36) formed so as to be engaged with the female thread at the end portion (32) of the main body portion (3) on a side to which the distal end portion (2) is mounted, and includes an incomplete thread portion formed in an inner end portion area in the male thread (36). The distal end portion (2) has a penetrating screw hole (26) in a portion facing the male thread (36), and, when the distal end portion (2) is mounted to the one end portion (32) of the main body portion (3), a stop screw (4) having no head portion is fitted and fixed into the penetrating screw hole (26).

Spiked plate (100) having an operating surface provided with a plurality of conical spikes (200), configured to penetrate into an inner side of a full grain natural leather having a thickness t and make blind holes in said inner side of the full grain natural leather, wherein:—a base diameter d of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 33% to 100% of the thickness t, whereby 0.33−t≤d≤t,—a height h of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 70% to 110% of the thickness t, whereby 0.7−t≤h≤t, and—a minimum distance D between the conical spikes (200) on the operating surface of the spiked plate (100) ranges from 200% to 430% of the thickness t, whereby 2−t≤D≤4.3.Math.t.

Spiked plate (100) having an operating surface provided with a plurality of conical spikes (200), configured to penetrate into an inner side of a full grain natural leather having a thickness t and make blind holes in said inner side of the full grain natural leather, wherein:—a base diameter d of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 33% to 100% of the thickness t, whereby 0.33−t≤d≤t,—a height h of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 70% to 110% of the thickness t, whereby 0.7−t≤h≤t, and—a minimum distance D between the conical spikes (200) on the operating surface of the spiked plate (100) ranges from 200% to 430% of the thickness t, whereby 2−t≤D≤4.3.Math.t.

A trim cover perforating apparatus and a method of perforating a trim cover. The trim cover perforating apparatus may have a plurality of punches that may be received in punch openings of a punch lifting plate. The punch lifting plate may receive a pattern plate that may have a set of pattern plate holes. Each punch that is aligned with a pattern plate hole may not perforate the trim cover. Each punch that is not aligned with a pattern plate hole perforates the trim cover.

Leather and similar materials are formed using graduated molds. A solvent is applied to the leather to saturate the leather. The saturated leather is put through a series of molds, each being more pronounced than the previous. An elastomer is applied after molding to provide structural support for features created through molding.

Leather and similar materials are formed using graduated molds. A solvent is applied to the leather to saturate the leather. The saturated leather is put through a series of molds, each being more pronounced than the previous. An elastomer is applied after molding to provide structural support for features created through molding.

Spiked plate (100) having an operating surface provided with a plurality of conical spikes (200), configured to penetrate into an inner side of a full grain natural leather having a thickness t and make blind holes in said inner side of the full grain natural leather, wherein:—a base diameter d of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 33% to 100% of the thickness t, whereby 0.33−t≤d≤t,—a height h of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 70% to 110% of the thickness t, whereby 0.7−t≤h≤t, and—a minimum distance D between the conical spikes (200) on the operating surface of the spiked plate (100) ranges from 200% to 430% of the thickness t, whereby 2−t≤D≤4.3.Math.t.

Spiked plate (100) having an operating surface provided with a plurality of conical spikes (200), configured to penetrate into an inner side of a full grain natural leather having a thickness t and make blind holes in said inner side of the full grain natural leather, wherein:—a base diameter d of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 33% to 100% of the thickness t, whereby 0.33−t≤d≤t,—a height h of the conical spikes (200) ranges from 70% to 110% of the thickness t, whereby 0.7−t≤h≤t, and—a minimum distance D between the conical spikes (200) on the operating surface of the spiked plate (100) ranges from 200% to 430% of the thickness t, whereby 2−t≤D≤4.3.Math.t.