A process for chemical cleaning and corrosion inhibition of pipework, typically in closed loop systems, that avoids or significantly minimises the requirement for wastewater discharge where the system is first acidified using a mixture of cleaning agents capable of dissolving metal oxides. The method then precipitates any dissolved contaminants and separates the precipitate from the carrying fluid. Further elements of a combined corrosion inhibitor package are then added to any cleaning agent ions that remain in solution to develop a fully functional corrosion inhibition package to protect the metals of the system.

A process for chemical cleaning and corrosion inhibition of pipework, typically in closed loop systems, that avoids or significantly minimises the requirement for wastewater discharge where the system is first acidified using a mixture of cleaning agents capable of dissolving metal oxides. The method then precipitates any dissolved contaminants and separates the precipitate from the carrying fluid. Further elements of a combined corrosion inhibitor package are then added to any cleaning agent ions that remain in solution to develop a fully functional corrosion inhibition package to protect the metals of the system.

The present invention proposes the use of a tool (13) that is connected to a device for locomotion, such as, for example, a robot, and provided with an umbilical cable (06) to bring about a controlled reaction near the blockage, in order to remove it. In order to carry out that controlled reaction, an injection, and control system is used, which may be a closed loop control system.

A method of treating a pipeline is performed by selecting a colloidal particle dispersion having inorganic nanoparticles with an average particle size of from 500 nm or less that exhibit properties of Brownian motion that facilitate penetration of solid deposits on interior surfaces of a pipeline. A treatment composition comprising the colloidal particle dispersion is introduced into an interior of a pipeline by at least one of (A) introducing a batch amount of the treatment composition in a selected volume into the interior of the pipeline, and (B) continuously introducing the treatment composition at a selected rate into the interior of the interior of the pipeline. The composition is allowed to act upon the surfaces and materials adhering to the surfaces of the interior of the pipeline.

A method of manufacturing a martensitic stainless steel pipe includes: preparing a hollow shell, S1; a pickling step, S3-2, in which the hollow shell is immersed in nitrohydrofluoric acid solution at a temperature below 50° C.; after pickling step S3-2, a high-pressure water washing step, S4, in which high-pressure water is injected onto the outer surface of the hollow shell to clean the outer surface of the hollow shell; after high-pressure water washing step S4, a hot-water immersion step, S5, in which the hollow shell is immersed in hot water if necessary; and spraying gas onto the surface of the hollow shell, S6, before a lapse of 15 minutes from completion of high-pressure water washing step S4 or hot-water immersion step S5.

A method of manufacturing a martensitic stainless steel pipe includes: preparing a hollow shell, S1; a pickling step, S3-2, in which the hollow shell is immersed in nitrohydrofluoric acid solution at a temperature below 50° C.; after pickling step S3-2, a high-pressure water washing step, S4, in which high-pressure water is injected onto the outer surface of the hollow shell to clean the outer surface of the hollow shell; after high-pressure water washing step S4, a hot-water immersion step, S5, in which the hollow shell is immersed in hot water if necessary; and spraying gas onto the surface of the hollow shell, S6, before a lapse of 15 minutes from completion of high-pressure water washing step S4 or hot-water immersion step S5.

Cleaning processing equipment may include generating a function characterizing a relationship between fouling formation in the processing equipment and operation of the processing equipment. A cleaning recipe may be selected based on properties of fouling material formed in the processing equipment during operation of the processing equipment. Operating costs associated with cleaning schedules may be determined based on the first function and the cleaning recipe and one of the cleaning schedules may be selected based on the respective determined operating costs. A cleaning process on the processing equipment may be executed according to the selected cleaning schedule using the selected cleaning recipe.

A method of treating an apparatus to remove surface deposits therefrom is performed by selecting a colloidal particle dispersion having inorganic nanoparticles with an average particle size of from 500 nm or less that exhibit properties of Brownian motion that facilitate penetration of solid deposits on surfaces of an apparatus that is subject to surface deposits from contact with fluids. The surfaces of the apparatus are contacted with a treatment composition comprising the colloidal particle dispersion. The composition is allowed to act upon the materials adhering to the surfaces of the apparatus to loosen and breakup the materials adhering to the surfaces of the apparatus. The loosened and broken materials are removed from the surfaces of the apparatus.

A method of treating a pipeline is performed by selecting a colloidal particle dispersion having inorganic nanoparticles with an average particle size of from 500 nm or less that exhibit properties of Brownian motion that facilitate penetration of solid deposits on interior surfaces of a pipeline. A treatment composition comprising the colloidal particle dispersion is introduced into an interior of a pipeline by at least one of (A) introducing a batch amount of the treatment composition in a selected volume into the interior of the pipeline, and (B) continuously introducing the treatment composition at a selected rate into the interior of the interior of the pipeline. The composition is allowed to act upon the surfaces and materials adhering to the surfaces of the interior of the pipeline.

A film-forming apparatus is connected to a carbon steel cleanup system pipe of a BWR plant. Formic acid and hydrogen peroxide are injected into the circulation pipe of the film-forming apparatus. An iron elution accelerator aqueous solution containing 3000 ppm of formic acid and 1500 ppm of hydrogen peroxide is brought into contact with the inner surface of the cleanup system pipe, and Fe2+ is eluted from the cleanup system pipe by formic acid, and hydroxyl radicals generated from hydrogen peroxide. The film-forming aqueous solution produced from the iron elution accelerator aqueous solution by injecting the nickel formate aqueous solution is brought into contact with the inner surface of the cleanup system pipe, and the Ni ions incorporated into the inner surface by the substitution reaction are reduced by the electrons generated at the time of elution of Fe2+ to form a Ni metal film on the inner surface thereof.