An electrolysis device may include a housing having a cavity that is configured to receive a precursor solution. The precursor solution may include chloride. An electrolysis circuit may be located in the cavity of the housing. The electrolysis circuit may include a power source, a first electrode and a second electrode electrically coupled to the power source, and a control circuit electrically coupled to the power source and the first and second electrodes. Upon the control circuit being activated while the precursor liquid operably couples the first and second electrodes together, the electrolysis circuit may be configured to generate a hypochlorite solution from the precursor solution.

The invention relates to a method for electrochemical production of a product in an electrochemical cell comprising an extraction compartment. The extraction compartment comprises a liquid comprising a dissolved polyelectrolyte. The method comprises producing cations at an anode, producing anions at a cathode and transporting the ions through ion- selective membranes into the extraction compartment where the product is formed. The invention further relates to an electrochemical cell for use in the method.

The invention relates to a method for electrochemical production of a product in an electrochemical cell comprising an extraction compartment. The extraction compartment comprises a liquid comprising a dissolved polyelectrolyte. The method comprises producing cations at an anode, producing anions at a cathode and transporting the ions through ion- selective membranes into the extraction compartment where the product is formed. The invention further relates to an electrochemical cell for use in the method.

A water treatment system comprises an actinic radiation reactor, an electrochemical cell configured to produce hydrogen peroxide and having an outlet in fluid communication between a source of electrolyte and the actinic radiation reactor, and a source of oxygen in communication with an inlet of the electrochemical cell.

A water treatment system comprises an actinic radiation reactor, an electrochemical cell configured to produce hydrogen peroxide and having an outlet in fluid communication between a source of electrolyte and the actinic radiation reactor, and a source of oxygen in communication with an inlet of the electrochemical cell.

Described herein are methods for modulating expression of a gene in a cell by contacting the cell with a gene modulation composition, such as a composition including an electrolyzed saline solution.

Described herein are methods for modulating expression of a gene in a cell by contacting the cell with a gene modulation composition, such as a composition including an electrolyzed saline solution.

An electrode with a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) layer and a metal-organic framework (MOF) layer. The electrode overcomes mass transport limits by providing a gas diffusion pathway to conductive MOF electrodes. At the same applied potential, this translates to a tenfold improvement in current density (greater than 100 mA cm.sup.−2) relative to conventional conductive MOF electrode geometries (less than 1 mA cm.sup.−2).

An electrode with a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) layer and a metal-organic framework (MOF) layer. The electrode overcomes mass transport limits by providing a gas diffusion pathway to conductive MOF electrodes. At the same applied potential, this translates to a tenfold improvement in current density (greater than 100 mA cm.sup.−2) relative to conventional conductive MOF electrode geometries (less than 1 mA cm.sup.−2).

Systems and methods for production of hydrogen peroxide, such as high-test peroxide, are disclosed. Representative systems and methods also include aerospace systems and space exploration missions implementing systems and methods for production of hydrogen peroxide. A representative system for making hydrogen peroxide can include: a water electrolyzer for receiving water and separating at least some of the water into hydrogen and oxygen; a proton-exchange membrane cell for receiving water, hydrogen from the water electrolyzer, and oxygen from the water electrolyzer and for combining the hydrogen, the oxygen, and the water into a first hydrogen peroxide solution having a first concentration of hydrogen peroxide in water; and a hydrogen peroxide concentrator for removing at least some of the water from the first hydrogen peroxide solution to yield a second hydrogen peroxide solution that has a second concentration of hydrogen peroxide in water that is greater than the first concentration.