The present disclosure provides for and includes electrocatalytic devices and methods for the production of Dry Hydrogen Peroxide (DHP), a non-hydrated, gaseous form of hydrogen peroxide.

This disclosure relates to photocatalytic polyoxometalate compositions of tungstovanadates and uses as water oxidation catalysts. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to compositions comprising water, a complex of a tetra-metal oxide cluster and VW.sub.9O.sub.34 ligands, and a photosensitizer. Typically, the metal oxide cluster is Co. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to electrodes and other devices comprising water oxidation catalysts disclosed herein and uses in generating fuels and electrical power from solar energy.

The present disclosure provides for and includes electrocatalytic devices and methods for the production of Dry Hydrogen Peroxide (DHP), a non-hydrated, gaseous form of hydrogen peroxide.

The invention relates to a process and system for electrolytic production ammonia. The process comprises feeding nitrogen to an electrolytic cell, where it comes in contact with a cathode electrode surface, wherein said surface has a catalyst surface comprising at least one transition metal oxide, the electrolytic cell further comprising a proton donor, and running a current through said electrolytic cell, whereby nitrogen reacts with protons to form ammonia. The process and system of the invention uses an electrochemical cell with a cathode surface having a catalytic surface that is preferably charged with one or more of Rhenium oxide, Tantalum oxide and Niobium oxide.

The present invention provides a tin oxide forming composition and a tin oxide forming method using the tin oxide forming composition. The tin oxide forming composition of the present invention is easy to manufacture and is capable of forming a tin oxide with a high yield.

Provided is a method for the electrolytic reduction of CO.sub.2 that comprises providing an electrolytic cell comprising at least one reaction chamber comprising at least one anode and at least one cathode placing at least one electrolyte solution between at least one anode and at least one cathode, wherein the at least one cathode comprises at least one catalyst surface comprising at least one transition metal oxide, providing CO.sub.2 in the electrolyte solution; and applying electrical potential to the electrolytic cell, so that CO.sub.2 undergoes at least one reduction reaction at the cathode to provide at least one product selected from the group consisting of methanol, methane, mcthanediol and formic acid. Also provided is an electrochemical dev ice for electrochemical reduction of CO.sub.2 that has at least one cathode comprising a transition metal oxide.

This titanium base material has a base material body formed of titanium or a titanium alloy, in which a Magneli phase titanium oxide film formed of a Magneli phase titanium oxide represented by a chemical formula Ti.sub.nO.sub.2n-1 (4n10) is formed on a surface of the base material body. Here, the Magneli phase titanium oxide film preferably contains at least one or both of Ti.sub.4O.sub.7 and Ti.sub.5O.sub.9.

Disclosed are stable, active non-precious metal oxide catalysts, such as transition metal antimonates (TMAs), for electrochemical reactions in harsh media conditions, such as the chlorine evolution reaction (CER). A disclosed electrocatalyst includes a metal oxide film containing a crystalline transition metal antimonite (TMA). The crystalline TMA may include NiSb.sub.2O.sub.x, CoSb.sub.2O.sub.x, or MnSb.sub.2O.sub.x. The metal oxide film may be formed on a conductive substrate, for example, a substrate including an antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) film, using an annealing process.

An iridium-containing oxide having a total pore volume of 0.20 cm.sup.3/g or more, calculated by a BJH method from nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm measurement, and a pore distribution having an average pore diameter of 7.0 nm or more.

Oxyfluoride derivatives and their preparation, as well as their uses as catalysts in electrochemistry, including the electrodes and electrochemical cells comprising them. These may be useful for hydrogen production.