A titanium sub-oxide/ruthenium oxide composite electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. Titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotubes is taken as a bottom layer, and titanium sub-oxide doped ruthenium oxide is taken as a surface composite active layer. A titanium substrate is anodized in a fluorine-containing ionic electrolyte, taken out, subjected to heating and roasting, cooled and then subjected to cathodic electrochemical reduction in polarizing liquid, so that a titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotube electrode is obtained; and then the titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotube electrode is taken as a cathode to be electrodeposited in a ruthenium trichloride electrolyte doped with titanium sub-oxide powder, taken out and then subjected to heating and roasting, so that the titanium sub-oxide/ruthenium oxide composite electrode is obtained.

A titanium sub-oxide/ruthenium oxide composite electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. Titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotubes is taken as a bottom layer, and titanium sub-oxide doped ruthenium oxide is taken as a surface composite active layer. A titanium substrate is anodized in a fluorine-containing ionic electrolyte, taken out, subjected to heating and roasting, cooled and then subjected to cathodic electrochemical reduction in polarizing liquid, so that a titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotube electrode is obtained; and then the titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotube electrode is taken as a cathode to be electrodeposited in a ruthenium trichloride electrolyte doped with titanium sub-oxide powder, taken out and then subjected to heating and roasting, so that the titanium sub-oxide/ruthenium oxide composite electrode is obtained.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods of complexing agent content determination. In at least one aspect, a method includes diluting a first solution with water to form a second solution. The first solution includes a nickel source and a complexing agent. The method includes introducing an indicator with the second solution. The method includes titrating the second solution with a base to provide a color change of the second solution. The method includes calculating a content of the complexing agent of the first solution.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods of complexing agent content determination. In at least one aspect, a method includes diluting a first solution with water to form a second solution. The first solution includes a nickel source and a complexing agent. The method includes introducing an indicator with the second solution. The method includes titrating the second solution with a base to provide a color change of the second solution. The method includes calculating a content of the complexing agent of the first solution.

A titanium surface treatment method for manufacturing a polymer-titanium joint structure having excellent bond strength is provided. A titanium surface treatment method for bonding with a polymer composite includes a first etching step wherein the titanium surface is etched by acidic solution; a first surface treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated by ultrasonic wave; a second etching step wherein the titanium surface is etched again by acidic solution; a second surface treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated again by ultrasonic wave; a first silane coupling treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated by ultrasonic wave; a third surface treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated again by ultrasonic wave; and a second silane coupling treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated by anodic oxidation.

A titanium surface treatment method for manufacturing a polymer-titanium joint structure having excellent bond strength is provided. A titanium surface treatment method for bonding with a polymer composite includes a first etching step wherein the titanium surface is etched by acidic solution; a first surface treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated by ultrasonic wave; a second etching step wherein the titanium surface is etched again by acidic solution; a second surface treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated again by ultrasonic wave; a first silane coupling treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated by ultrasonic wave; a third surface treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated again by ultrasonic wave; and a second silane coupling treatment step wherein the titanium surface is treated by anodic oxidation.

Disclosed is a method for activating a surface of metals, such as self-passivated metals, and of metal-oxide dissolution, effected using a fluoroanion-containing composition. Also disclosed is an electrochemical cell utilizing an aluminum-containing anode material and a fluoroanion-containing electrolyte, characterized by high efficiency, low corrosion, and optionally mechanical or electrochemical rechargeability. Also disclosed is a process for fusing (welding, soldering etc.) a self-passivated metal at relatively low temperature and ambient atmosphere, and a method for electrodepositing a metal on a self-passivated metal using metal-oxide source.

Disclosed is a method for activating a surface of metals, such as self-passivated metals, and of metal-oxide dissolution, effected using a fluoroanion-containing composition. Also disclosed is an electrochemical cell utilizing an aluminum-containing anode material and a fluoroanion-containing electrolyte, characterized by high efficiency, low corrosion, and optionally mechanical or electrochemical rechargeability. Also disclosed is a process for fusing (welding, soldering etc.) a self-passivated metal at relatively low temperature and ambient atmosphere, and a method for electrodepositing a metal on a self-passivated metal using metal-oxide source.

The present invention provides a catalyst for hydrogen peroxide decomposition with which hydrogen peroxide present in acid-containing water to be treated can be efficiently decomposed at low cost and which is less apt to dissolve away in the water being treated, can be stably used over a long period, and renders acid recovery and recycling possible. The present invention has solved the problems with a catalyst for hydrogen peroxide decomposition which is for use in decomposing hydrogen peroxide present in acid-containing water to be treated, the catalyst including a base and, a catalyst layer that is amorphous, includes a platinum-group metal having catalytic function and a Group-6 element metal having catalytic function and is formed over the base.

The present invention provides a catalyst for hydrogen peroxide decomposition with which hydrogen peroxide present in acid-containing water to be treated can be efficiently decomposed at low cost and which is less apt to dissolve away in the water being treated, can be stably used over a long period, and renders acid recovery and recycling possible. The present invention has solved the problems with a catalyst for hydrogen peroxide decomposition which is for use in decomposing hydrogen peroxide present in acid-containing water to be treated, the catalyst including a base and, a catalyst layer that is amorphous, includes a platinum-group metal having catalytic function and a Group-6 element metal having catalytic function and is formed over the base.