A driving assistance apparatus including a display part, a detection part detecting a degree of approach from a subject vehicle to a preceding vehicle and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform acquiring traffic light information including switching information on a traffic light and position information on a position of the subject vehicle with respect to the traffic light, deriving a recommended driving for the driver based on the traffic light information and the position information, and controlling the display part so as to notify the driver of information on a recommended vehicle speed included in the recommended driving, and further perform the controlling including controlling the display part so as to change and display information on a maximum value of the recommended vehicle speed included in the recommended driving in accordance with the degree of approach.

A defibration processing device is capable of efficient defibration in a multiple stage rotating part, and a fibrous feedstock recycling device. The defibration processing device has a first rotating part disposed on a side into which defibration feedstock flows, and a second rotating part disposed on a side to which defibrated material defibrated in the first rotating part is discharged. The first rotating part and second rotating part each have on the axis of rotation side thereof a base, and a protruding part protruding from the base in a direction away from the axis of rotation. A spacer is between the first rotating part and second rotating part. An external restriction plate protrudes from the stationary part side toward the spacer, and an internal restriction plate protrudes from the axis of rotation side of the first rotating part and second rotating part toward the stationary part.

A defibration processing device is capable of efficient defibration in a multiple stage rotating part, and a fibrous feedstock recycling device. The defibration processing device has a first rotating part disposed on a side into which defibration feedstock flows, and a second rotating part disposed on a side to which defibrated material defibrated in the first rotating part is discharged. The first rotating part and second rotating part each have on the axis of rotation side thereof a base, and a protruding part protruding from the base in a direction away from the axis of rotation. A spacer is between the first rotating part and second rotating part. An external restriction plate protrudes from the stationary part side toward the spacer, and an internal restriction plate protrudes from the axis of rotation side of the first rotating part and second rotating part toward the stationary part.

A refiner for beating a raw material supplied between a stator beating part and a rotor beating part, and discharging the beaten raw material, the refiner including a rotating shaft, the rotor beating part attached to the rotating shaft, a motor configured to drive the rotating shaft; and a motor control part configured to variably control a rotation of the motor. The rotation of the motor of the rotor beating part is controlled by the motor control part to beat the raw material.

A refiner for beating a raw material supplied between a stator beating part and a rotor beating part, and discharging the beaten raw material, the refiner including a rotating shaft, the rotor beating part attached to the rotating shaft, a motor configured to drive the rotating shaft; and a motor control part configured to variably control a rotation of the motor. The rotation of the motor of the rotor beating part is controlled by the motor control part to beat the raw material.

A refiner for refining lignocellulose containing fiber material has two substantially oppositely positioned refining elements (6, 6a, 6b, 9) with refining surfaces (8, 8a, 8b, 11, 11a, 11b) with blade bars (25, 27) and grooves (26, 28). Opposed refining surfaces face each other forming a refining chamber (15, 15a, 15b) which receives fiber material to be refined. The refiner has two feed channels (19a, 19b) for feeding into the refiner at least one fiber material fraction (FM1, FM2) to be refined, and two refining zones (21a, 21b) with at least one different refining surface characteristic between the refining zones (21a, 21b). Each refining zone (21a, 21b) is intended to refine one fiber material fraction (FM1, FM2) of the at least one fiber material fraction (FM1, FM2). There is at least one discharge channel (23, 23a, 23b) for discharging out of the refiner at least one flow of refined material.

A blade element pair (20) for a refiner (1, 2, 3) is intended for refining fibrous material. Each blade element (5, 5, 8, 8) of the blade element pair (20) has a refining surface (6, 9) with blade bars (16, 18) and blade grooves (17, 19) extending along the blade element (5, 5, 8, 8), and openings (14,15) extending through the blade element (5, 5, 8, 8). The openings (14, 15) in one of the blade elements (5, 5, 8, 8) is at different axial (A) or radial (R) positions from the openings (14,15) in the other blade element (5, 5, 8, 8) when the blade elements (5, 5, 8, 8) of the blade element pair (20) are set substantially opposite to each other.

A blade element pair (20) for a refiner (1, 2, 3) is intended for refining fibrous material. Each blade element (5, 5, 8, 8) of the blade element pair (20) has a refining surface (6, 9) with blade bars (16, 18) and blade grooves (17, 19) extending along the blade element (5, 5, 8, 8), and openings (14,15) extending through the blade element (5, 5, 8, 8). The openings (14, 15) in one of the blade elements (5, 5, 8, 8) is at different axial (A) or radial (R) positions from the openings (14,15) in the other blade element (5, 5, 8, 8) when the blade elements (5, 5, 8, 8) of the blade element pair (20) are set substantially opposite to each other.

A defibration processing device is capable of efficient defibration in a multiple stage rotating part, and a fibrous feedstock recycling device. The defibration processing device has a first rotating part disposed on a side into which defibration feedstock flows, and a second rotating part disposed on a side to which defibrated material defibrated in the first rotating part is discharged. The first rotating part and second rotating part each have on the axis of rotation side thereof a base, and a protruding part protruding from the base in a direction away from the axis of rotation. A spacer is between the first rotating part and second rotating part. An external restriction plate protrudes from the stationary part side toward the spacer, and an internal restriction plate protrudes from the axis of rotation side of the first rotating part and second rotating part toward the stationary part.

A refiner for beating a raw material supplied between a stator beating part and a rotor beating part, and discharging the beaten raw material, the refiner including a rotating shaft, the rotor beating part attached to the rotating shaft, a motor configured to drive the rotating shaft; and a motor control part configured to variably control a rotation of the motor. The rotation of the motor of the rotor beating part is controlled by the motor control part to beat the raw material.