A method for manufacturing a paperboard structure includes passing a paperboard substrate through a hot-hard calender to yield a calendered paperboard substrate, the hot-hard calender including a nip defined by a thermo-roller and a counter roller, wherein a contact surface of the thermo-roller is heated to an elevated temperature. The method then includes applying a basecoat to the calendered paperboard substrate to yield a basecoated paperboard substrate, the basecoat includes a basecoat binder and a basecoat pigment blend. The method further includes applying a topcoat to the basecoated paperboard substrate.

A calender includes a rotatable roller, and a belt co-acting with the roller with a determined belt pressure. At least one material for feeding through the calender is situated between the roller and the belt for a determined contact time during throughfeed through the calender. The calender also includes heating means for heating the fluid and/or the roller, control means for controlling the heating means and/or the belt pressure and/or the contact time, and a database for storing data. The control means are configured to control the heating means and/or the belt pressure and/or the contact time on the basis of at least one of the data contained in the database, before and/or during throughfeed of the material. A set with a plurality of such calenders and a method for controlling such a calender.

A roll covering includes a functional layer formed of a polymer which is a blend of at least one rubber and one millable polyurethane rubber. The polymer includes from 65% by weight to 85% by weight of the at least one rubber and from 15% by weight to 35% by weight of the millable polyurethane rubber. A roll having the roll core, a method of using the roll and a combination of the roll and a heated drying cylinder are also provided.

A method for manufacturing a paperboard structure includes passing a paperboard substrate through a hot-hard calender to yield a calendered paperboard substrate, the hot-hard calender including a nip defined by a thermo-roller and a counter roller, wherein a contact surface of the thermo-roller is heated to an elevated temperature. The method then includes applying a basecoat to the calendered paperboard substrate to yield a basecoated paperboard substrate, the basecoat includes a basecoat binder and a basecoat pigment blend. The method further includes applying a topcoat to the basecoated paperboard substrate.

A fiber structure manufacturing apparatus that includes: a defibration unit that pulverizes and defibrates a raw sheet material that contains fibers; a transportation unit that transports a defibrated material after defibration by the defibration unit; a forming unit that forms a fiber structure from the defibrated material transported by the transportation unit; a temperature acquisition unit that acquires a temperature inside the defibration unit; and a control unit that controls a mass flow of gas that contains the defibrated material transported from the defibration unit in accordance with the temperature acquired by the temperature acquisition unit.

A fiber structure manufacturing apparatus that includes: a defibration unit that pulverizes and defibrates a raw sheet material that contains fibers; a transportation unit that transports a defibrated material after defibration by the defibration unit; a forming unit that forms a fiber structure from the defibrated material transported by the transportation unit; a temperature acquisition unit that acquires a temperature inside the defibration unit; and a control unit that controls a mass flow of gas that contains the defibrated material transported from the defibration unit in accordance with the temperature acquired by the temperature acquisition unit.

The present invention relates to a paper substrate with smooth face that is suitable for being used in a filter for a smoking article or vaping article.

The present application provides a calender, a floor production line and a production method using the calender, wherein the calender comprises a calendering roller rack and a set of calendering rollers arranged on the calendering roller rack. The set of calendering rollers comprises a plurality of calendering rollers arranged in a line and not vertically. The present application changes the arrangement of the calendering rollers. The calendering rollers are arranged in a line, not vertically. This arrangement reduces the overall height of the calender, decreases the requirements of the calender on the height of the factory building and facilitates long-distance transportation by containers. Using the calender to assemble the floor production line, the height space of the factory building occupied by the production line can be saved.

A method for manufacturing a paperboard structure includes passing a paperboard substrate through a hot-hard calender to yield a calendered paperboard substrate, the hot-hard calender including a nip defined by a thermo-roller and a counter roller, wherein a contact surface of the thermo-roller is heated to an elevated temperature. The method then includes applying a basecoat to the calendered paperboard substrate to yield a basecoated paperboard substrate, the basecoat includes a basecoat binder and a basecoat pigment blend. The method further includes applying a topcoat to the basecoated paperboard substrate.

A roll covering includes a functional layer formed of a polymer which is a blend of at least one rubber and one millable polyurethane rubber. The polymer includes from 65% by weight to 85% by weight of the at least one rubber and from 15% by weight to 35% by weight of the millable polyurethane rubber. A roll having the roll core, a method of using the roll and a combination of the roll and a heated drying cylinder are also provided.