A turnout apparatus for an overhead monorail includes a frame, an input fixed rail docking an input rail, output fixed rails each docking an output rail, and movable rails disposed between the input fixed rail and the output fixed rails. The input fixed rail is disposed at one end of the frame. The output fixed rails include a first output fixed rail and a second output fixed rail disposed at the other end of the frame. The movable rails include a first movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, and a second movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the second output fixed rail. The first and second movable rails are fixed and rotatable about a horizontal line as an axis. Directions toward which upper rail surfaces of the first movable rail and the second movable rail face differ by 180 degrees.

A turnout apparatus for an overhead monorail includes a frame, an input fixed rail docking an input rail, output fixed rails each docking an output rail, and movable rails disposed between the input fixed rail and the output fixed rails. The input fixed rail is disposed at one end of the frame. The output fixed rails include a first output fixed rail and a second output fixed rail disposed at the other end of the frame. The movable rails include a first movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, and a second movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the second output fixed rail. The first and second movable rails are fixed and rotatable about a horizontal line as an axis. Directions toward which upper rail surfaces of the first movable rail and the second movable rail face differ by 180 degrees.

A turnout apparatus for an overhead monorail includes a frame, an input fixed rail docking an input rail, output fixed rails each docking an output rail, and movable rails disposed between the input fixed rail and the output fixed rails. The input fixed rail is disposed at one end of the frame. The output fixed rails include a first output fixed rail and a second output fixed rail disposed at the other end of the frame. The movable rails include a first movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, and a second movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the second output fixed rail. The first and second movable rails are fixed and rotatable about a horizontal line as an axis. Directions toward which upper rail surfaces of the first movable rail and the second movable rail face differ by 180 degrees.

A turnout apparatus for an overhead monorail includes a frame, an input fixed rail docking an input rail, output fixed rails each docking an output rail, and movable rails disposed between the input fixed rail and the output fixed rails. The input fixed rail is disposed at one end of the frame. The output fixed rails include a first output fixed rail and a second output fixed rail disposed at the other end of the frame. The movable rails include a first movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, and a second movable rail docking the input fixed rail and the second output fixed rail. The first and second movable rails are fixed and rotatable about a horizontal line as an axis. Directions toward which upper rail surfaces of the first movable rail and the second movable rail face differ by 180 degrees.

An aluminum power transmission rail product comprises a profile main component made from molten aluminum onto which a stainless steel cap has been co-cast. Preferably, this main component has a locking feature such as a down-turn on at least one edge of the stainless steel cap. The rail product is preferably cast on a casting unit selected from the group consisting of a horizontal caster, a horizontal DC caster, an MDC caster and a semi-solid casting unit.

An aluminum power transmission rail product comprises a profile main component made from molten aluminum onto which a stainless steel cap has been co-cast. Preferably, this main component has a locking feature such as a down-turn on at least one edge of the stainless steel cap. The rail product is preferably cast on a casting unit selected from the group consisting of a horizontal caster, a horizontal DC caster, an MDC caster and a semi-solid casting unit.

A method of manufacturing an aluminum power transmission rail product with a metallurgically bonded stainless steel cap comprises providing molten aluminum in a tundish; providing a roll formed stainless steel wear cap; pretreating and preheating the stainless steel cap, then introducing that cap into the tundish; co-casting the aluminum and cap through one or more dies; and tensioning the stainless steel cap at an exit of the casting die and rapidly cooling the same. An aluminum-stainless composite product is also disclosed.

A method of manufacturing an aluminum power transmission rail product with a metallurgically bonded stainless steel cap comprises providing molten aluminum in a tundish; providing a roll formed stainless steel wear cap; pretreating and preheating the stainless steel cap, then introducing that cap into the tundish; co-casting the aluminum and cap through one or more dies; and tensioning the stainless steel cap at an exit of the casting die and rapidly cooling the same. An aluminum-stainless composite product is also disclosed.

The disclosure relates to a lubrication-free piece having a friction surface that rubs against a second surface, the lubrication-free piece having at least one structure made from spheroidal graphite cast iron or steel, the external surface of the piece including at least one layer of lubricating thermoplastic polymers, wherein the lubrication-free piece includes a nickel/aluminium-based intermediary layer between the spheroidal graphite cast iron or steel structure and the layer of lubricating thermoplastic polymers.

The disclosure relates to a lubrication-free piece having a friction surface that rubs against a second surface, the lubrication-free piece having at least one structure made from spheroidal graphite cast iron or steel, the external surface of the piece including at least one layer of lubricating thermoplastic polymers, wherein the lubrication-free piece includes a nickel/aluminium-based intermediary layer between the spheroidal graphite cast iron or steel structure and the layer of lubricating thermoplastic polymers.