A module for a paving or building system includes at least one block of concrete and a sheet, e.g., sheet metal, having a surface area abutting the block or blocks. The sheet includes multiple openings and one or more flaps of material from one or more from the openings may be bent or otherwise shaped to extend into a concrete block and anchor the sheet to the concrete block.

A modular pavement slab comprises a body, a strain sensor array, and a sensor processor. The body includes a top surface, a bottom surface, and four side surfaces. The modular pavement slab is configured to be coupled to at least one other modular pavement slab via connectors along at least one of the side surfaces. The strain sensor array is retained within the body and is configured to detect a plurality of strains on the body resulting from vehicular traffic across the top surface of the body. The sensor processor is in communication with the strain sensor array. The sensor processor is configured to communicate input signals to the strain sensor array, receive output signals from the strain sensor array, and determine a plurality of time-varying strain values, each strain value indicating a strain experienced over time by a successive one of a plurality of regions of the body.

A connection device for fastening two expanded cellular confinement structures includes: an insertion member; an integral shank extending perpendicular from the insertion member; and an integral handle member extending perpendicular from the shank at an end of the shank remote from the insertion member. One or more barbs may project from the insertion member. The device can have a washer section between the handle member and insertion member. The handle can be curved, or it can be in the shape of a polygon.

In one embodiment, a female wedge mount is attached to a first surface vehicle. The female wedge mount has a concave contact surface including three or more female contact surface segments an at least two female wedge slots. A male wedge mount is attached to the second surface vehicle. The male wedge mount has a convex contact surface including three or more male contact surface segments and at least two male wedge slots that are aligned with the at least two female wedge slots, respectively, when the convex contact surface of the male wedge mount and the concave contact surface of the female wedge mount are in aligned contact with one another to form an adjacent connection between the first and second surface vehicles. A mechanism includes at least two pins that are movable along the at least two male and female wedge slots, respectively, between unlocked and locked positions.

A series of modules serve to provide a base for walkway members to be assembled into a walkway. Modules provide for support and orientation of walkway members and the ability to produce complex walkways with segments at varying orientations. In a preferred embodiment, a base mat is sized to engage walkway members. Using a combination of a number of base mats and walkway members, segments of walkway of any desired size can be readily assembled. Reflective and non-slip surfaces can be applied to increase safety when in use.

A connection between substantially planar panels is disclosed. A panel comprises a panel body, said panel body comprising a pair of planar members, deployed in parallel spaced arrangement, and connected by an outer side wall. A connection assembly extends circumferentially from each panel body, with a connection assembly including a planar connection surface for engaging in a plane a corresponding connection surface on a second panel. The planar connection surface and the side wall defining an acute angle, wherein said plane is at an angle of 2°-8° to the plane of the panel bodies.

A fastening device system for connection at least a first and a second overlapping mats placed on the ground wherein the first mat is aligned over at least one connecting hole of the second mat, the fastening device system comprising, a housing having a first half and a second half wherein the first half and second half are attached together forming the housing. A pin having a foot disposed at the lower end thereof and a shaft having a helical shelf that engages the helical channel of the housing. The pin is configured so that when it rotates 90° in one direction to the housing the pin draws the foot closer to bottom of housing and provides at least one locking position of the foot and locking the foot in place.

Disclosed are interlocking elongate composite bamboo industrial mats having an upper layer with two or more elongate laminated composite bamboo panels, an intermediate layer with a plurality of elongate laminated composite bamboo panels arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the laminated composite bamboo panels in the upper layer, and a bottom layer with a plurality of elongate laminated composite bamboo panels arranged in parallel to the upper layer. The three layers are secured together with fasteners consisting of a bolt, an outward-facing concave washer engaged with the bolt head, and a sleeve nut having an outward-facing washer engaged with the sleeve nut head. The interlocking elongate composite bamboo industrial mats are configured to interlock end-to-end or alternatively, side-to-side. Each of the elongate laminated composite bamboo panels comprises a plurality of kiln-dried glue-dipped elongate asymmetrically fractured bamboo strips compressed into a solid panel devoid of air spaces.

A trail mat system having a mat extending between and on top of a pair of railroad track rails; at least one rail clamp section disposed on a bottom side of the mat including a rail cavity for receiving at least a portion of the rails; at least one clamp arm included in the rail clamp section engaging one of the rails; and, a securing fastener operatively associated with the at least one clamp arm to bias the clamp arm against the rail to prevent separation of the mat from the rails; whereby the mat is configured to be placed over and removably secured to the rails to provide a trail surface overtop the rails without removing the rails or other elements of the railroad track.

1. A panel system is provided that includes: a first and second panel each having a top side providing a road surface and a bottom side opposite the top side, where the bottom side contacts a ground surface, and a plurality of lateral sides. At least one of the plurality of the lateral sides of the first and second panels include a feature that interlock adjacent lateral sides of the first and second panels against vertical movement relative to each other.