Surrogates for roadside objects, such as concrete curbs, can be used for vehicle testing. A surrogate for a concrete curb can substantially be similar in size and/or shape as the concrete curb that the surrogate is mimicking. The surrogate can be configured to exhibit substantially the same characteristics as their actual counterpart concrete curb when sensed by one or more vehicle sensors (e.g., cameras, radar sensors, and/or LIDAR sensors). Such surrogates can be used to test automated vehicles, one or more vehicle sensors, a vehicle sensor system, and/or one or more vehicle system (e.g., a road departure mitigation system). The surrogates can be configured to withstand being impacted by a test vehicle without being damaged and without damaging the test vehicle.

A kerb barrier includes: a first barrier member having a length, the first barrier defining a cavity; and a second barrier member in the cavity of the first barrier that extends substantially along the length of the first barrier member, wherein a base of the second barrier member is fixable to a base of the first barrier member, wherein, upon side impact, a region of the first barrier member is configured to bend relative to the second barrier member about a first bending point defined by the first barrier member, wherein the first barrier member is configured to act on the second barrier member such that the region of the first barrier member and a region of the second barrier member are configured to bend about a second bending point defined by the second barrier member, wherein the second bending point is spaced apart from the first bending point.

A kerb barrier includes: a first barrier member having a length, the first barrier defining a cavity; and a second barrier member in the cavity of the first barrier that extends substantially along the length of the first barrier member, wherein a base of the second barrier member is fixable to a base of the first barrier member, wherein, upon side impact, a region of the first barrier member is configured to bend relative to the second barrier member about a first bending point defined by the first barrier member, wherein the first barrier member is configured to act on the second barrier member such that the region of the first barrier member and a region of the second barrier member are configured to bend about a second bending point defined by the second barrier member, wherein the second bending point is spaced apart from the first bending point.

A curb guard fits over and conforms to a street curb to protect wheels and rims from scuffing. A sheet of plastic material has a first lengthwise portion that overlaps with at least part of the upper surface of the curb and a second lengthwise portion that overlaps with at least part of the side surface of the curb. At least the first portion of the sheet is fastened to the upper surface of the curb. The first and second portions of the sheet may include a plurality of spaced-apart lengthwise ribs on the inner and/or outer surfaces of the sheet. The material may be extruded, and the material may be fastened with a plurality of anchors that penetrate the material and the curb.

A curb guard fits over and conforms to a street curb to protect wheels and rims from scuffing. A sheet of plastic material has a first lengthwise portion that overlaps with at least part of the upper surface of the curb and a second lengthwise portion that overlaps with at least part of the side surface of the curb. At least the first portion of the sheet is fastened to the upper surface of the curb. The first and second portions of the sheet may include a plurality of spaced-apart lengthwise ribs on the inner and/or outer surfaces of the sheet. The material may be extruded, and the material may be fastened with a plurality of anchors that penetrate the material and the curb.

An apparatus includes a base having a length in a first direction, a height in a second direction different from the first direction, and a depth in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction. The base includes at least one sidewall having an outer surface, an inner surface, and an edge defining an open end of a cavity within the base. The base also includes a plurality of ribs extending from the inner surface of the at least one sidewall toward the open end of the cavity. The ribs of the plurality of ribs are separated from one another along the first direction. The base further includes at least one tube extending from the inner surface of the at least one sidewall toward the open end of the cavity. The apparatus also includes at least one plaque removably attached to the outer surface of base.

An apparatus includes a base having a length in a first direction, a height in a second direction different from the first direction, and a depth in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction. The base includes at least one sidewall having an outer surface, an inner surface, and an edge defining an open end of a cavity within the base. The base also includes a plurality of ribs extending from the inner surface of the at least one sidewall toward the open end of the cavity. The ribs of the plurality of ribs are separated from one another along the first direction. The base further includes at least one tube extending from the inner surface of the at least one sidewall toward the open end of the cavity. The apparatus also includes at least one plaque removably attached to the outer surface of base.

Surrogates for roadside objects, such as concrete curbs, can be used for vehicle testing. A surrogate for a concrete curb can substantially be similar in size and/or shape as the concrete curb that the surrogate is mimicking. The surrogate can be configured to exhibit substantially the same characteristics as their actual counterpart concrete curb when sensed by one or more vehicle sensors (e.g., cameras, radar sensors, and/or LIDAR sensors). Such surrogates can be used to test automated vehicles, one or more vehicle sensors, a vehicle sensor system, and/or one or more vehicle system (e.g., a road departure mitigation system). The surrogates can be configured to withstand being impacted by a test vehicle without being damaged and without damaging the test vehicle.

A vehicle curb with advertising system including a bottom panel that is connected to a lower curved panel which is then connected to an upper curved panel. These panels distribute axial and translational forces, imparted by the vehicle's tires, by taking advantage of corrugation and curved designs. Further, the upper curved panel is connected to an upper retaining lip, which is then connected to a front concave panel, which is then connected to a lower front retaining lip. The two retaining lips contact the vehicle's tires and together with the concave panel, distribute the externally applied forces throughout the system. Further, the two front retaining lips provide an attaching means for a user to attach a logo or advertisement to the system. The system also has pads connected to the bottom panel that resist the externally applied forces by gripping the underlying floor, thus effectively stopping the vehicle without slippage.

A vehicle curb with advertising system including a bottom panel that is connected to a lower curved panel which is then connected to an upper curved panel. These panels distribute axial and translational forces, imparted by the vehicle's tires, by taking advantage of corrugation and curved designs. Further, the upper curved panel is connected to an upper retaining lip, which is then connected to a front concave panel, which is then connected to a lower front retaining lip. The two retaining lips contact the vehicle's tires and together with the concave panel, distribute the externally applied forces throughout the system. Further, the two front retaining lips provide an attaching means for a user to attach a logo or advertisement to the system. The system also has pads connected to the bottom panel that resist the externally applied forces by gripping the underlying floor, thus effectively stopping the vehicle without slippage.