The present anti-ballistic shelter is a reinforced unit configured to comply with both ISO standards for size and weight, and with the U.S. Department of State Certification Standard for Forced Entry and Ballistic Resistance of Structural Systems. Each end and side wall of the unit is reinforced with wall studs that penetrate the unit's structural framework. Even though these wail studs are welded into place, penetration of the wall studs into the framework ensures acceptable blast, ballistic, and forced entry resistance even if the welds are flawed.

The modular anti-ballistic shelter system includes two end units and, optionally, additional middle units for a wider structure. End and middle units may also stack atop each other for multi-story structures. Each unit is configured to comply with both ISO standards for size and weight, and with the U.S. Department of State Certification Standard for Forced Entry and Ballistic Resistance of Structural Systems. Each exterior wall of each end unit and each middle unit is reinforced with wall studs that penetrate the unit's structural framework of beams and frames. Even though these wall studs are welded into place, penetration of the wall studs into the beams and frames ensures acceptable blast, ballistic, and forced entry resistance even if the welds are flawed.

The present anti-ballistic shelter is a reinforced unit configured to comply with both ISO standards for size and weight, and with the U.S. Department of State Certification Standard for Forced Entry and Ballistic Resistance of Structural Systems. Each end and side wall of the unit is reinforced with wall studs that penetrate the unit's structural framework. Even though these wail studs are welded into place, penetration of the wall studs into the framework ensures acceptable blast, ballistic, and forced entry resistance even if the welds are flawed.

A space frame is provided having a first set of nodes located along a first surface and a second set of nodes located along a second surface, and a unitary cell. The second surface non-intersecting the first surface. The unitary cell comprises at least four continuous web elements and extending in three dimensions. The unitary cell spans at least two nodes of the first set of nodes and at least two nodes of the second set of nodes.

A weldment that is embedded in a precast concrete building member that is used to join the concrete building member to other concrete building members. The weldment has a top plate, side plate, and outstanding top and bottom legs. The surface of the top plate and side plate are not embedded in the precast concrete building member. The legs are integrally formed with the top plate and side plate. The top plate and side plate present weldable surfaces to join by welding the precast concrete building member to another building member.

A method for producing three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from simpler components and space frames or truss structures produced by the associated method. The various components, which may be made from virtually any material, are shaped in such a way so that they may be fitted together to create a space frame or truss structure. The components may be held together by any available attachment means, or by the interaction of the components themselves. The method and associated components allows for the assembly of three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from planar materials, significantly reducing cost and manufacturing time. These space frames or trusses can then be used as structural members, as the interior load-bearing portions of sandwich panels, or in any situation where high-strength and light weight are desirable.

A connector assembly, having an upper connector coupled to a lower connector and a gusset plate sandwiched between the upper and lower connectors. Also, disclosed is a hoistable connector assembly, a lifting frame assembly, a coupling system for modular frame units, a method for assembling a module unit using the connector assembly, and a modular frame unit and building having the connector assembly.

A connector assembly, having an upper connector coupled to a lower connector and a gusset plate sandwiched between the upper and lower connectors. Also, disclosed is a hoistable connector assembly, a lifting frame assembly, a coupling system for modular frame units, a method for assembling a module unit using the connector assembly, and a modular frame unit and building having the connector assembly.

Disclosed herein is an apparatus for a building frame designed to create a building, in accordance with some embodiments. Accordingly, the apparatus may include a plurality of base plates. Further, the apparatus may include a plurality of top plates. Further, the apparatus may include a plurality of studs. Further, each stud of the plurality of studs may include an elongated stud body having an upper stud end and a lower stud end. Further, the apparatus may include a plurality of rafters. Further, each rafter of the plurality of rafters may include a first slab body. Further, the each rafter may include a first cuboidal body. Further, the apparatus may include a plurality of braces corresponding to a plurality of brace lengths.

E.sup.3Lumber is comprised by novel apparatuses as engineered wood systems, methods, apparatuses, tools, adhesives, and manufacturing for construction of structures. E.sup.3Lumber has standardization and optimization surpassing state-of-the-art construction. Each of those systems, methods, apparatuses, material compositions, and material stratifications utilize one-to-many apparatus relations. All formed or machined apparatuses feature innovative features like engineered constraints, multi-tier and hybrid composites, and constrained assembly all situated within novel methods like, the Three E, 4-Tier, Cross Datum Construction, E-Stud, E-Framing, E-Truss, E-Hips, E-Bridging, Continuous Truss methods meet national and international specifications. The Three E's of E.sup.3Lumber are environmental, economic, and engineering and are characteristics found throughout invention intended for the significant improvement of environmental conditions, wood products, and technologies. As a fact, E.sup.3Lumber use decreases deforestation by increasing growth periods of trees by decreasing biomass consumption and all the while providing economic incentive to become greener.