A transverse span for an airform membrane is disclosed that can include a material having a perimeter defined at least in part by a longitudinal edge having opposite ends that terminate at a base edge further defining the perimeter. The longitudinal edge can be configured to couple to a longitudinal edge of an adjacent transverse span of the airform membrane. The base edge can at least partially define a base perimeter of the airform membrane for coupling with a base support structure. The transverse span can also include a load compensated region with a length dimension and/or a width dimension reduced from an intended final dimension to compensate for stretch of the material when the airform membrane is inflated. In addition, the transverse span can include a flare region between the load compensated region and the base edge. The flare region can transition in the length dimension and/or the width dimension between the load compensated region and the base edge.

Disclosed are devices, systems, and methods for self-constructing structures. In particular, a mold for forming a structure includes an inflatable inner balloon, a non-inflatable outer shell coupled to the inner balloon about a base circumference, the outer shell having an apex and an opening disposed at the apex, and a pump in fluid communication with the opening of the outer shell; wherein, when the inner balloon is inflated, a gap is formed between the inner balloon and the outer shell for containing a building material, and the outer shell comprises a dome shape.

There is currently a demand for buildings that can be formed both quickly and economically. These buildings require the addition of heat insulation to walls or roofs because the materials from which they are otherwise formed have insufficient ability to protect against the cold. This can add undesirable expense and slow down production rates. A method is disclosed of forming a building that addresses this problem. The method comprises arranging a door frame, window frame or edge support frame at a mould and spraying a first spray material onto the outside of the mould so that the spray material sets generally in the shape of the mould and substantially embeds the frame. The first material and the frame is removed from the mould and a second different spray material is sprayed onto the first spray material to provide a skin therefor.

A barrier forming system is described that includes a plurality of studs, rails and barrier reinforcement members interconnected between top and bottom plates. The interconnected studs, rails, reinforcement members, top plate and bottom plate may be precisely bent or curved in either or both the vertical and horizontal directions. The interconnected studs, rails, barrier reinforcement members, top plate, and bottom plate may be embedded in a filler material to form a curved concrete barrier having a complex geometry.

[Summary] A shell element that can be formed simply and in a short time, a shell structure using the shell element, and a structure forming set that can form the shell element simply and in a short time are provided. Resin material is foamed on the inside of thin film, a foamed material portion with bubbles being mixed is in the state of being sandwiched by the thin film and a solid layer, and tensional stress is applied to the thin film and the solid layer and compressive stress is applied to the foamed material portion, thus the shell element is difficult to be cracked or split, and the shell structure is formed by the shell element. And, the shell structure forming set forms the shell structure easily.

A transverse span for an airform membrane is disclosed that can include a material having a perimeter defined at least in part by a longitudinal edge having opposite ends that terminate at a base edge further defining the perimeter. The longitudinal edge can be configured to couple to a longitudinal edge of an adjacent transverse span of the airform membrane. The base edge can at least partially define a base perimeter of the airform membrane for coupling with a base support structure. The transverse span can also include a load compensated region with a length dimension and/or a width dimension reduced from an intended final dimension to compensate for stretch of the material when the airform membrane is inflated. In addition, the transverse span can include a flare region between the load compensated region and the base edge. The flare region can transition in the length dimension and/or the width dimension between the load compensated region and the base edge.

A shell element that can be formed simply and in a short time, a shell structure using the shell element, and a structure forming set that can form the shell element simply and in a short time are provided.

Resin material is foamed on the inside of thin film, a foamed material portion with bubbles being mixed is in the state of being sandwiched by the thin film and a solid layer, and tensional stress is applied to the thin film and the solid layer and compressive stress is applied to the foamed material portion, thus the shell element is difficult to be cracked or split, and the shell structure is formed by the shell element. And, the shell structure forming set forms the shell structure easily.

An airform that can be inflated, for example, for facilitating construction of a structure is provided. The airform may include a first portion, a second portion, or multiple other portions, and reinforcement. The first portion may, for example, be configured to be disposed in a first orientation, such as vertically or in a radial profile, when the airform is inflated. The second portion transitioning from the first portion may be configured, for example, to assume an alternate shape and profile, such as a radial shape and profile, when the airform is inflated. The reinforcement may, for example, be provided at a portion of the airform that defines a transition from the first portion to the second portion.

Described is an assembly for erecting a reinforced structure of a hardening building material using a pneumoform. The assembly includes an anchor bar having a first portion secured to a foundation and a second portion; a clamp bar configured to be aligned with the second portion of the anchor bar; a fixation element configured to extend through the clamp bar and the second portion of the anchor bar; and a pneumoform having an outer perimeter incorporating a keder. The outer perimeter of the pneumoform is positionable within a space between the second portion of the anchor bar and the clamp bar such that upon locking the clamp bar to the anchor bar with the fixation element the keder is captured by the clamp bar creating a first seal and forming a fluid-tight internal volume configured to be inflated. Related assemblies and methods are described.