A reversible pneumatic vane motor includes a stator housing with a pressure air inlet passage and an exhaust air outlet passage, a cylinder supported in the stator housing, a vane carrying rotor rotatable in the cylinder and forming a clearance seal portion with the cylinder, air communication ports located at opposite sides of the seal portion for supplying motive pressure air or scavenging exhaust air from the cylinder, a primary outlet diametrically opposite the clearance seal portion, and a directional valve for connecting alternatively the air communication ports to the pressure air inlet passage and the exhaust air outlet passage. The motor also includes auxiliary outlet ports which are located between the primary outlet and each one of the air communication ports, and the directional valve includes control parts for opening up and closing, respectively, communication between the auxiliary outlet ports and the atmosphere via the exhaust air outlet passage.

A reversible pneumatic vane motor includes a stator housing with a pressure air inlet passage and an exhaust air outlet passage, a cylinder supported in the stator housing, a vane carrying rotor rotatable in the cylinder and forming a clearance seal portion with the cylinder, air communication ports located at opposite sides of the seal portion for supplying motive pressure air or scavenging exhaust air from the cylinder, a primary outlet diametrically opposite the clearance seal portion, and a directional valve for connecting alternatively the air communication ports to the pressure air inlet passage and the exhaust air outlet passage. The motor also includes auxiliary outlet ports which are located between the primary outlet and each one of the air communication ports, and the directional valve includes control parts for opening up and closing, respectively, communication between the auxiliary outlet ports and the atmosphere via the exhaust air outlet passage.

A four-stroke rotary-piston engine has an outer disk, and inner disk, at least one cylinder, at least one piston, at least one piston rod, a fixed gear engaged with a planet gear and a rotary gate valve positioned at a head of the cylinder. The inner disk is rotatable with respect to the outer disk by a compression control device. The planet gear rotates a crank situated on a shaft thereof. The shaft passes upwardly through the inner disk. The crank reciprocates a lever via the piston rod. The lever has an end pivoted on the outer disk so as to push the piston into and out of the cylinder.

A four-stroke rotary-piston engine has an outer disk, and inner disk, at least one cylinder, at least one piston, at least one piston rod, a fixed gear engaged with a planet gear and a rotary gate valve positioned at a head of the cylinder. The inner disk is rotatable with respect to the outer disk by a compression control device. The planet gear rotates a crank situated on a shaft thereof. The shaft passes upwardly through the inner disk. The crank reciprocates a lever via the piston rod. The lever has an end pivoted on the outer disk so as to push the piston into and out of the cylinder.

An engine includes a housing defining an annular bore and a piston assembly disposed within the annular bore. The engine also includes a rotary valve comprising a circular faceplate and a wall structure disposed at an outer periphery of the faceplate, a portion of the at least one rotary valve disposed within the annular bore, and a rotary drive mechanism connected to the rotary valve and configured to rotate the rotary valve between a first position to align an opening of the wall structure with the annular bore to allow the piston of the piston assembly to travel within the annular bore from a first location relative to the rotary valve to a second location relative to the rotary valve and a second position to define a chamber relative to the piston of the piston assembly at the second location.

An engine includes a housing defining an annular bore and a piston assembly disposed within the annular bore. The engine also includes a rotary valve comprising a circular faceplate and a wall structure disposed at an outer periphery of the faceplate, a portion of the at least one rotary valve disposed within the annular bore, and a rotary drive mechanism connected to the rotary valve and configured to rotate the rotary valve between a first position to align an opening of the wall structure with the annular bore to allow the piston of the piston assembly to travel within the annular bore from a first location relative to the rotary valve to a second location relative to the rotary valve and a second position to define a chamber relative to the piston of the piston assembly at the second location.

A commutator/manifold assembly controls a flow of hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic fluid system. The assembly includes a commutator having an offset design including an inner portion eccentrically encompassed within an outer portion, and offset commutator porting to control the hydraulic flow. A manifold includes manifold ports having a straight configuration by which walls defining the manifold ports run substantially along a longitudinal axis through an entirety of the manifold. The commutator is configured to rotate to sequentially align the commutator porting with differing portions of the manifold ports to control the flow. The commutator porting includes inner ports and outer ports that are isolated from each other by a commutator seal. A commutator ring has a guiding surface that guides rotation of the commutator. The rotation of the commutator provides a timed flow through the manifold ports straight through the manifold and without any directional flow restriction.

A commutator/manifold assembly controls a flow of hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic fluid system. The assembly includes a commutator having an offset design including an inner portion eccentrically encompassed within an outer portion, and offset commutator porting to control the hydraulic flow. A manifold includes manifold ports having a straight configuration by which walls defining the manifold ports run substantially along a longitudinal axis through an entirety of the manifold. The commutator is configured to rotate to sequentially align the commutator porting with differing portions of the manifold ports to control the flow. The commutator porting includes inner ports and outer ports that are isolated from each other by a commutator seal. A commutator ring has a guiding surface that guides rotation of the commutator. The rotation of the commutator provides a timed flow through the manifold ports straight through the manifold and without any directional flow restriction.

A reversing mechanism for a pneumatically or hydraulically powered tool having a rotor adapted to rotate in either of first and second rotational directions. The reversing mechanism allows a user to actuate a button and rotate a valve to direct air flow through the tool. By pressing the button, the button will move a base laterally, and in doing so, rotates the valve. Rotating the valve then aligns a barrier of the valve in a direction tangential to the selected rotational direction of the tool, better directing forced air or fluid and more efficiently distributing the air or fluid in the selected rotational direction.

A reversing mechanism for a pneumatically or hydraulically powered tool having a rotor adapted to rotate in either of first and second rotational directions. The reversing mechanism allows a user to actuate a button and rotate a valve to direct air flow through the tool. By pressing the button, the button will move a base laterally, and in doing so, rotates the valve. Rotating the valve then aligns a barrier of the valve in a direction tangential to the selected rotational direction of the tool, better directing forced air or fluid and more efficiently distributing the air or fluid in the selected rotational direction.