A gas turbine engine comprises at least a power output turbine unit (POT), which is rotatably arranged inside an outer housing unit, and a compressor-turbine unit (CTU), which is rotatably arranged inside the POT, and the CTU, POT and outer housing unit are arranged about a common axis of rotation (CL). The POT and the CTU are arranged in such close proximity (d) that a dynamic friction coupling is generated between the POT and the CTU.

A radial expander having a rotor mounted in a housing and comprising multiple blades. The blades together with a radially inner hub contour of a rotor hub and a radially outer housing contour define flow channels for the process gas, which process gas to be expanded enters in a radial direction and from which expanded process gas exits in the axial direction. The radially inner hub contour of the rotor includes a curvature change at least in some circumferential positions seen in the meridional section such that adjacent to a flow leading side of the rotor, the radially inner hub contour, seen in the meridional section, is curved radially to the outside and adjacent to a flow trailing side of the rotor, the radially inner hub contour, seen in the meridional section, is curved radially to the inside.

An object is to provide a radial turbine blade that can reduce an impact loss of inflowing gas at a leading edge of the turbine blade and achieve a higher turbine efficiency, even in a case of a flow field corresponding to a low turbine operational velocity ratio U/C0 due to a throttling operation on a variable nozzle mechanism of a variable geometry turbocharger. In a radial turbine blade, a hub-side end portion Pa at a leading edge 51 of a turbine blade 50 is formed to be positioned more on a rear side in a rotation direction R of the turbine blade 50 than a shroud-side end portion Sc at the leading edge 51, and a straight line connecting between the shroud-side end portion Sc and the hub-side end portion Pa is inclined with respect to a straight line extending in a rotation axis direction from the shroud-side end portion Sc at the leading edge 51 onto a hub 17 surface by an angle in a range from 30° to 70° as viewed in the radial direction of the turbine blade 50.

An object is to provide a radial turbine blade that can reduce an impact loss of inflowing gas at a leading edge of the turbine blade and achieve a higher turbine efficiency, even in a case of a flow field corresponding to a low turbine operational velocity ratio U/C0 due to a throttling operation on a variable nozzle mechanism of a variable geometry turbocharger. In a radial turbine blade, a hub-side end portion Pa at a leading edge 51 of a turbine blade 50 is formed to be positioned more on a rear side in a rotation direction R of the turbine blade 50 than a shroud-side end portion Sc at the leading edge 51, and a straight line connecting between the shroud-side end portion Sc and the hub-side end portion Pa is inclined with respect to a straight line extending in a rotation axis direction from the shroud-side end portion Sc at the leading edge 51 onto a hub 17 surface by an angle in a range from 30° to 70° as viewed in the radial direction of the turbine blade 50.

A tapering exponential spiral for a gas expander for work extraction or air cooling. A gas compressor to increase the pressure and temperature of air. The compressor-expander forms a single and simple structure. A generator with a disk format using a circle of alternating polarity magnets to induce current in polygon solenoids. A heat turbine, Firefly Electric, is small, simple, and efficient heat engine. A heat pump, Firefly Air, for cooling, refrigeration, water capture, and heating. Solar power can be generated and stored as compress air. A water purifier, Firefly Aqua, to desalinate water by solar power. Sunlight is concentrated by a sun tracking conic reflective surface onto a column of salty water. Solar photovoltaic power can be used to power a spiral compressor to condense low pressure steam. Also, we reuse solar heat by extracting the heat of compressing and condensing steam for evaporating more salty water under reduced pressure.

A tapering exponential spiral for a gas expander for work extraction or air cooling. A gas compressor to increase the pressure and temperature of air. The compressor-expander forms a single and simple structure. A generator with a disk format using a circle of alternating polarity magnets to induce current in polygon solenoids. A heat turbine, Firefly Electric, is small, simple, and efficient heat engine. A heat pump, Firefly Air, for cooling, refrigeration, water capture, and heating. Solar power can be generated and stored as compress air. A water purifier, Firefly Aqua, to desalinate water by solar power. Sunlight is concentrated by a sun tracking conic reflective surface onto a column of salty water. Solar photovoltaic power can be used to power a spiral compressor to condense low pressure steam. Also, we reuse solar heat by extracting the heat of compressing and condensing steam for evaporating more salty water under reduced pressure.

A waste heat recovery system for recovering waste heat of in internal combustion engine includes a turbine expander. The turbine expander includes a turbine blade, a shaft coupled to and rotatable by the turbine blade, and a nozzle assembly. The nozzle assembly includes a nozzle block disposed about the shaft and adjacent the turbine blade, a first nozzle component coupled to the nozzle block, and a second nozzle component coupled to the nozzle block. The first nozzle component defines a first nozzle having a first geometrical configuration. The second nozzle component defines a second nozzle having a second geometrical configuration that is different from the first geometrical configuration. The waste heat recovery system also includes a flow control device in fluid communication with the turbine expander. The waste heat recovery system further includes a controller in communication with the flow control device.

A waste heat recovery system for recovering waste heat of in internal combustion engine includes a turbine expander. The turbine expander includes a turbine blade, a shaft coupled to and rotatable by the turbine blade, and a nozzle assembly. The nozzle assembly includes a nozzle block disposed about the shaft and adjacent the turbine blade, a first nozzle component coupled to the nozzle block, and a second nozzle component coupled to the nozzle block. The first nozzle component defines a first nozzle having a first geometrical configuration. The second nozzle component defines a second nozzle having a second geometrical configuration that is different from the first geometrical configuration. The waste heat recovery system also includes a flow control device in fluid communication with the turbine expander. The waste heat recovery system further includes a controller in communication with the flow control device.

A pneumatic engine, comprising: a rotating outer ring (1), an intermediate shaft (2), a direct drive power core (3), and left and right baffles (4) and (5) where the rotating outer ring (1), the direct drive power core (3), and the left and right baffles (4) and (5) are coaxially provided on the intermediate shaft (2), the rotating outer ring (1) is integrally connected to the left and right baffles (4) and (5) to engage with the intermediate shaft (2) via a bearing, and a closed space is formed, the intermediate shaft (2) is provided with a master air inlet (21) and a master air outlet (22), the direct drive power core (3) is provided with a logarithmic spiral line runner, multiple drive grooves (11) are provided on an inner ring surface of the rotating outer ring (1). The pneumatic engine has a simple structure, high transmission efficiency and strong endurance.

An improved HVAC vent is disclosed. The vent may include an air turbine positioned within a passageway for selectively enabling and preventing airflow. In use, the air turbine is selectively operable between first and second states. In the first state, the air turbine may be freely rotatable, via the airflow, so that the received airflow can move through the passageway. In the second state, rotation of the air turbine is controlled or prevented so that the received airflow is inhibited or substantially inhibited from moving through the passageway. The vent may also include a motor. In use, the motor may act an energy generator and as an active brake so that in the first state, rotation of the air turbine is used to charge a power storage unit, and in the second state, the motor limits rotation of the air turbine.