A hydrogen internal combustion engine system includes a combustion chamber connected to a hydrogen intake system, an air intake system and a water intake system for controlling hydrogen combustion, characterized in that the water injection system comprises an exhaust gas collector connected to an exhaust water condenser configured to condense at least a part of water contained in the exhaust gases.

Aspects of the present invention relate to a valve seat (20) for a poppet valve of an internal combustion engine, wherein the poppet valve comprises a head and a stem behind the head, the valve seat comprising: an aperture (21) configured to form a seal with the head of the poppet valve when the poppet valve is in a closed position; and a peripheral body (22) defining, at least in part, one or more ports (23) shaped like e.g. grooves and sized to enable injection of liquid or gas from a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine into a gas stream behind the head of the poppet valve.

An exhaust gas liquefying device is provided for reducing pollution from vehicles includes a casing generally comprised of two interconnected chambers. The casing is attached to the rear portion of a vehicle such as a car or small truck. The casing has an entry port to collect the exhaust gas from an exhaust pipe coming from the vehicle. At least one fan provides additional air and a condenser coil cools down the exhaust gas into a liquid which precipitates the carbon in the carbon dioxide. The added ambient air provided by the fan helps in evaporating the liquid which exits from an evacuation port.

An exhaust gas liquefying device is provided for reducing pollution from vehicles includes a casing generally comprised of two interconnected chambers. The casing is attached to the rear portion of a vehicle such as a car or small truck. The casing has an entry port to collect the exhaust gas from an exhaust pipe coming from the vehicle. At least one fan provides additional air and a condenser coil cools down the exhaust gas into a liquid which precipitates the carbon in the carbon dioxide. The added ambient air provided by the fan helps in evaporating the liquid which exits from an evacuation port.

A system, apparatus, and method are provided for preventing the accumulation of particulate matter such as combustion soot on sensors positioned in exhaust gas conduits of internal combustion engines. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a device for deflecting soot deposits from sensor surfaces. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a device employing a surface acoustic wave generator for dislodging soot accumulation or measuring soot accumulations to trigger burn-off events. In an embodiment, an injector injects pressurized bursts of gas toward a sensor surface to dislodge particulate matter. In an embodiment, charged electrodes attract charged particles of soot from the exhaust gas flow to form deposits that are then subject to burn-off events.

A system, apparatus, and method are provided for preventing the accumulation of particulate matter such as combustion soot on sensors positioned in exhaust gas conduits of internal combustion engines. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a device for deflecting soot deposits from sensor surfaces. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a device employing a surface acoustic wave generator for dislodging soot accumulation or measuring soot accumulations to trigger burn-off events. In an embodiment, an injector injects pressurized bursts of gas toward a sensor surface to dislodge particulate matter. In an embodiment, charged electrodes attract charged particles of soot from the exhaust gas flow to form deposits that are then subject to burn-off events.

A heat management system for air-cooled engines suitable to power yard care equipment or vehicles. The system may generally comprise an engine, a blower configured to blow ambient cooling air across the engine, and an exhaust system comprising an exhaust header and a muffler. The exhaust header has an inlet end which receives heated exhaust gas from the engine and an outlet end fluidly coupled to the muffler. An air control baffle is configured to redirect a portion of the cooling air from the blower towards the exhaust header and the muffler to enhance cooling the exhaust system. The system may further include an outermost protective shield exposed to equipment operators and an inner heat barrier or shield located between the muffler and protective shield. The system is designed to ameliorate both radiative and convective sources of heat transfer to maintain the protective shield at temperatures below established industry standards.

A heat management system for air-cooled engines suitable to power yard care equipment or vehicles. The system may generally comprise an engine, a blower configured to blow ambient cooling air across the engine, and an exhaust system comprising an exhaust header and a muffler. The exhaust header has an inlet end which receives heated exhaust gas from the engine and an outlet end fluidly coupled to the muffler. An air control baffle is configured to redirect a portion of the cooling air from the blower towards the exhaust header and the muffler to enhance cooling the exhaust system. The system may further include an outermost protective shield exposed to equipment operators and an inner heat barrier or shield located between the muffler and protective shield. The system is designed to ameliorate both radiative and convective sources of heat transfer to maintain the protective shield at temperatures below established industry standards.

A particle filter assembly for a motor vehicle includes a particle filter, an exhaust-gas-conducting line which opens into the particle filter, and a secondary air supply. The secondary air supply is formed separately from the exhaust-gas-conducting line and fresh air is suppliable to the particle filter via the secondary air supply.

A problem to be solved is to provide an exhaust promotion method, an exhaust promotion device, and an exhaust system improvement method for an internal combustion engine capable of further improving the exhaust efficiency by high-speed exhaust of exhaust gas.

What is characteristic is that an exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine is expanded in multiple stages repeatedly to reduce a temperature thereof, and thus exhaustion is performed while suppressing a behavior derived from a thermal energy of the exhaust gas.