Models that employ both measurable engine parameters as well as predictable engine parameters may be used to determine when a thermostat is malfunctioning before the thermostat malfunction results in an engine breakdown. Particular models may be used to provide an estimated coolant temperature and an estimated thermostat position. The estimated coolant temperature can be compared to an actual measured engine coolant temperature. The estimated thermostat position can be evaluated with respect to what the thermostat position should be given a particular engine coolant temperature. In some cases, comparison between a healthy model and a faulty model may be used to ascertain thermostat health.

Models that employ both measurable engine parameters as well as predictable engine parameters may be used to determine when a thermostat is malfunctioning before the thermostat malfunction results in an engine breakdown. Particular models may be used to provide an estimated coolant temperature and an estimated thermostat position. The estimated coolant temperature can be compared to an actual measured engine coolant temperature. The estimated thermostat position can be evaluated with respect to what the thermostat position should be given a particular engine coolant temperature. In some cases, comparison between a healthy model and a faulty model may be used to ascertain thermostat health.

Methods and systems are provided for a coolant system. In one example, a method may include diagnosing a condition of a pump of the coolant system based on a temperature change of coolant. The diagnostic may determine if the pump is stuck on or off.

An engine system of the present disclosure includes an engine configured to drive a plurality of pistons by burning a mixture of air and gas, an air supply pipe through which the air supplied to the engine flows, a supercharger configured to compress the air flowing through the air supply pipe, a gas supply pipe through which the gas supplied to the engine flows, and a mixer configured to mix the air that has passed through the supercharger and the gas. The mixer has a venturi tube shape in which a cross-sectional area of a flow path decreases and expands in a flow direction of the air that has passed through the supercharger, and the gas supply pipe is connected to a portion of the mixer where the cross-sectional area of the flow path in the mixer is decreased.

Aspects of the present invention relate to an apparatus comprising at least two chambers, each chamber comprising at least one wall defining the chamber, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet through the wall of the chamber and an opening separate from the fluid inlet and fluid outlet. The fluid inlet and fluid outlet are configured such that a fluid enters the chamber via the fluid inlet and exits via the fluid outlet. A gas enters the chamber via the fluid inlet and exits the chamber via the opening, wherein the opening of each of the chambers is fluidly connected to a common fluid reservoir. The apparatus may be used for degassing multiple coolant circuits in a vehicle.

A hybrid electric vehicle includes: an engine including a turbocharger and an intercooler that cools intake air; a motor; an inverter for driving the motor; a cooling device for cooling the inverter and the intake air by circulating a cooling medium by a circulation pump in a circulation path including a cooling flow path for cooling the inverter and a cooling flow path for the intercooler as a flow path; and a control device for controlling the cooling device. The control device permits forced drive of the circulation pump from an outside when predetermined conditions including a condition that a vehicle speed is equal to or lower than a predetermined vehicle speed and a condition that a vehicle system is turned off are satisfied.

A coolant control valve, including: a housing with a first port and a second port; a primary rotary valve disposed within the housing and including a primary body; and a secondary rotary valve disposed within the housing and including a secondary body. The primary rotary valve and the secondary rotary valve are rotatable around the axis of rotation by at least one actuator to a first configuration. In a first configuration of the primary rotary valve and the secondary rotary valve around the axis of rotation: a first straight line, orthogonal to the axis of rotation, passes through the primary body and the first port; and a second straight line, orthogonal to the axis of rotation and co-planar with the first straight line, passes through the secondary body and the second port.

A coolant control valve, including: a housing with a first port and a second port; a primary rotary valve disposed within the housing and including a primary body; and a secondary rotary valve disposed within the housing and including a secondary body. The primary rotary valve and the secondary rotary valve are rotatable around the axis of rotation by at least one actuator to a first configuration. In a first configuration of the primary rotary valve and the secondary rotary valve around the axis of rotation: a first straight line, orthogonal to the axis of rotation, passes through the primary body and the first port; and a second straight line, orthogonal to the axis of rotation and co-planar with the first straight line, passes through the secondary body and the second port.

An apparatus for handling fluid within an at least partially electrically driven vehicle, with a valve device including a valve housing. The valve housing includes at least three two radially arranged port openings and at least one axially arranged port opening for the inflow and/or outflow of fluid, and a valve body which is arranged inside the valve housing and is configured to be rotatable about an axial axis of rotation R. The valve body includes a first connecting channel of arcuate shape for connecting two radially arranged port openings and a second connecting channel of arcuate shape for connecting a radially arranged port opening with an axially arranged port opening. The at least two radially arranged port openings define a base plane B, which is configured orthogonally to the axial axis of rotation R, and the first arcuate connecting channel defines a first connecting channel plane V.

A combined cooling and water braking system for a vehicle comprises a first water recirculation loop having a first heat exchanger configured to cool water flowing in the first water recirculation loop, the first water recirculation loop comprising a water conduit for transporting heat away from a propulsion device configured to generate a propulsion power for the vehicle. A second water recirculation loop having a second heat exchanger is configured to cool water flowing in the second water recirculation loop. A retarder is configured to be coupled to a pair of wheels of the vehicle. The second water recirculation loop may be selectively used for cooling the propulsion device and for providing water to the retarder for water braking. There is also provided a method for cooling a propulsion device of a vehicle and water braking a pair of wheels of a vehicle.