A cooling system for an internal combustion engine is provided. The cooling system comprises: a cooling passage provided within an engine housing of the engine, the cooling passage configured to carry a bulk flow of coolant to cool the engine housing, wherein the bulk flow of coolant within the cooling passage is driven by convection or a pump; and one or more additional cooling passages provided within the engine housing, each configured to introduce a flow of coolant into the cooling passage; one or more additional cooling passage pumps configured to pump coolant within the additional cooling passages; wherein the engine housing comprises one or more high temperature regions, which are at a higher temperature than one or more low temperature regions of the engine housing; and wherein the additional cooling passages are configured to direct the introduced coolant towards the one or more high temperature regions.

A cylinder head assembly for an internal combustion engine includes a cast cylinder head defining a combustion chamber and fabricated from a first material, and an internal support structure at least partially encapsulated within the cast cylinder head. The internal support structure is fabricated from a thermal strain and fatigue resistant second material, different from the first material, such that during engine operation, thermal and mechanical loads are transferred to the internal support structure to reduce combustion chamber displacement. The internal support structure and the cylinder head are bonded via a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process to eliminate internal porosity and gaps therebetween.

Provided is a nickel-based composite coating, method for producing the same and use thereof. A powder mixture is coated on the surface of a substrate to obtain a nickel-based composite coating, wherein the powder mixture comprises nickel-chromium-boron-silicon powders and barium titanate powders. The barium titanate powders are added to the nickel-based powders as a second phase to form BaTiO.sub.3—NiCrBSi metal-based ceramic composite coating. The nickel-based barium titanate composite coating has an excellent damping shock absorbing performance and gives the substrate strength as well. Comparing with the conventional coating materials, the coating obtained by the present disclosure through plasma cladding technique not only bonds with the substrate in a metallurgic way, but also has a small heat affected zone, specifically, an excellent damping shock absorbing performance. In embodiments of the present disclosure, vibration and noise generated by the cylinder head is reduced 20% by using the shock absorbing cladding coating.

An engine cylinder head includes an internal metal structure forming an upper portion of a combustion chamber. The internal metal structure includes a semi-compliant coating configured to absorb thermal expansion of the internal metal structure. The engine cylinder head also includes a polymer composite forming an external structure at least partially surrounding the internal metal structure.

The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, having at least one valve seat ring (3) for a lifting valve, wherein the valve seat ring (3) is surrounded by an annular cooling channel (4) for a coolant which is formed at least partially into the cylinder head (1), wherein the cooling channel (4) surrounds the valve seat ring at least partially and extends between at least one inlet (5, 15, 25) and at least one outlet (6). In order to reduce the valve wear, it is provided that, as viewed in a section perpendicularly with respect to the axis (3a) of the valve seat ring (3), the cooling channel (4) has at least one preferably substantially crescent-shaped bulge (10) in the region of the inlet (5, 55, 25) and/or the outlet (6).

Provided is a nickel-based composite coating, method for producing the same and use thereof. A powder mixture is coated on the surface of a substrate to obtain a nickel-based composite coating, wherein the powder mixture comprises nickel-chromium-boron-silicon powders and barium titanate powders. The barium titanate powders are added to the nickel-based powders as a second phase to form BaTiO.sub.3NiCrBSi metal-based ceramic composite coating. The nickel-based barium titanate composite coating has an excellent damping shock absorbing performance and gives the substrate strength as well. Comparing with the conventional coating materials, the coating obtained by the present disclosure through plasma cladding technique not only bonds with the substrate in a metallurgic way, but also has a small heat affected zone, specifically, an excellent damping shock absorbing performance. In embodiments of the present disclosure, vibration and noise generated by the cylinder head is reduced 20% by using the shock absorbing cladding coating.

A cooling system for an internal combustion engine is provided. The cooling system comprises: a cooling passage provided within an engine housing of the engine, the cooling passage configured to carry a bulk flow of coolant to cool the engine housing, wherein the bulk flow of coolant within the cooling passage is driven by convection or a pump; and one or more additional cooling passages provided within the engine housing, each configured to introduce a flow of coolant into the cooling passage; one or more additional cooling passage pumps configured to pump coolant within the additional cooling passages; wherein the engine housing comprises one or more high temperature regions, which are at a higher temperature than one or more low temperature regions of the engine housing; and wherein the additional cooling passages are configured to direct the introduced coolant towards the one or more high temperature regions.

An engine cylinder head includes an internal metal structure forming an upper portion of a combustion chamber. The internal metal structure includes a semi-compliant coating configured to absorb thermal expansion of the internal metal structure. The engine cylinder head also includes a polymer composite forming an external structure at least partially surrounding the internal metal structure.

An engine cylinder head includes an internal metal structure formed from a metal material, at least a portion of which includes a thermal coating and an external polymer composite structure formed from a polymer composite material, wherein the external polymer composite structure at least partially surrounds the internal metal structure.

An injector bore insert includes a proximate portion adjacent to a combustion face and a distal portion including an upper threaded outer diameter. The injector bore insert further includes an angled conical collar, a remote threaded portion along an upper bore portion, a circumferential slot extending distally from approximately the combustion face, and one or more sealing regions. Each sealing region is positioned on the injector bore insert to facilitate sealing between the injector bore insert and a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.