A fuel reforming system for a vehicle includes an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) line for recirculating a part of exhaust gas of an engine towards an intake side, a fuel reformer provided on the EGR line, the fuel reformer reforming fuel that is to be supplied to the engine, and the fuel reformer supplying the reformed fuel to the engine via the EGR line, an EGR valve provided downstream of the fuel reformer, and a pressure control valve provided in the fuel reformer for controlling an inner pressure of the fuel reformer.

A fuel reforming system for a vehicle includes an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) line for recirculating a part of exhaust gas of an engine towards an intake side, a fuel reformer provided on the EGR line, the fuel reformer reforming fuel that is to be supplied to the engine, and the fuel reformer supplying the reformed fuel to the engine via the EGR line, an EGR valve provided downstream of the fuel reformer, and a pressure control valve provided in the fuel reformer for controlling an inner pressure of the fuel reformer.

A vehicle oxygen generating system includes a heat source, a power source, a vehicle air handling assembly of a vehicle air conditioning system, an H.sub.2O source and an electrochemical oxygen producing device. The oxygen producing device is connected to the H.sub.2O source receiving H.sub.2O therefrom. The oxygen producing device uses heat from the heat source and electricity from the power source to produce H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 from H.sub.2O. The O.sub.2 produced by the oxygen producing device is directed to the vehicle air handling assembly and moved into a passenger compartment of a vehicle.

A method for reducing NOx emissions during operation of an internal combustion engine in commerce which, when burning hydrocarbon fuel as a primary fuel, in the absence of any secondary fuel, has a characteristic stoichiometric ration. The method includes the following: in the absence of electrolytic activity, providing and entraining a quenching species in a gaseous medium and then interacting the quenching species with constituents present during oxidation of the primary fuel in a combustion chamber of the engine.

A method for reducing NOx emissions during operation of an internal combustion engine in commerce which, when burning hydrocarbon fuel as a primary fuel, in the absence of any secondary fuel, has a characteristic stoichiometric ration. The method includes the following: in the absence of electrolytic activity, providing and entraining a quenching species in a gaseous medium and then interacting the quenching species with constituents present during oxidation of the primary fuel in a combustion chamber of the engine.

A hydrogen oxygen generator used for converting water to hydrogen and oxygen, which is mixed with fuel to a vehicle engine for improved mileage and cleaner burning fuel. The generator includes a generator housing with a water line adapter connected to a threaded water line nipple. The generator housing is adapted for mounting to a side of an engine air duct manifold. A water line, connected to a water container, provides water to the threaded water line nipple. The water line nipple includes a small orifice. When the water passes through the orifice in the generator housing, a venture effect is created and the water is converted to hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The two gases pass now through a threaded gas nipple in the side of the generator housing, into the engine manifold, and then mixed with the engine fuel.

A hydrogen oxygen generator used for converting water to hydrogen and oxygen, which is mixed with fuel to a vehicle engine for improved mileage and cleaner burning fuel. The generator includes a generator housing with a water line adapter connected to a threaded water line nipple. The generator housing is adapted for mounting to a side of an engine air duct manifold. A water line, connected to a water container, provides water to the threaded water line nipple. The water line nipple includes a small orifice. When the water passes through the orifice in the generator housing, a venture effect is created and the water is converted to hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The two gases pass now through a threaded gas nipple in the side of the generator housing, into the engine manifold, and then mixed with the engine fuel.

A method for supplying hydrogen-operated internal combustion engines with oxygen, wherein an inert gas is cycled. An economical local supply of pure oxygen for a closed-cycle hydrogen engine with argon cycling is realized by separating the oxygen from the atmosphere without relying on the useful work of the engine. OSM ceramics and exhaust gas heat and low oxygen partial pressure of the exhaust gas are used to generate oxygen. Two reactors filled with OSM ceramics are used, these reactors being alternately purged with exhaust gas and regenerated with air. Losses of inert gases and the entry of atmospheric nitrogen are avoided by intermediate purging with steam. The steam is generated by the heat of the exhaust gas or exhaust air. A mixture of water vapor, inert gas and oxygen is formed during purging. Subsequently, the oxygen content in the gas phase is markedly increased since water vapor is condensed out.

A method for supplying hydrogen-operated internal combustion engines with oxygen, wherein an inert gas is cycled. An economical local supply of pure oxygen for a closed-cycle hydrogen engine with argon cycling is realized by separating the oxygen from the atmosphere without relying on the useful work of the engine. OSM ceramics and exhaust gas heat and low oxygen partial pressure of the exhaust gas are used to generate oxygen. Two reactors filled with OSM ceramics are used, these reactors being alternately purged with exhaust gas and regenerated with air. Losses of inert gases and the entry of atmospheric nitrogen are avoided by intermediate purging with steam. The steam is generated by the heat of the exhaust gas or exhaust air. A mixture of water vapor, inert gas and oxygen is formed during purging. Subsequently, the oxygen content in the gas phase is markedly increased since water vapor is condensed out.

Various embodiments of systems and methods for a smart hydrogen injection controller are disclosed herein. The system produces hydrogen and oxygen from a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer and injects these gases individually into a combustion engine using port injection or direct injection at each cylinder of the combustion engine. In one aspect, varying the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen works to improve the operation of the internal combustion engine to decrease emissions and increase combustion efficiency.