In exemplary embodiments, methods and systems are provided for controlling emissions for a drive system for a vehicle. In one embodiment, the system includes: one or more first sensors configured to measure an engine temperature pertaining to an engine of the vehicle; one or more second sensors configured to measure an ambient temperature surrounding the vehicle; one or more third sensors configured to detect an amount of running time in which the engine has been running; and a processor coupled to the one or more first sensors, the one or more second sensors, and the one or more third sensors and configured to at least facilitate controlling emissions for the drive system based on the engine temperature, the ambient temperature, and the amount of running time in which the engine has been running.

The objective is to obtain an internal-combustion-engine ignition apparatus that raises the ignitability at a time when a smolder occurs. An internal-combustion-engine ignition apparatus having a main combustion chamber and a subsidiary combustion chamber includes an ignition plug, an ignition coil having a primary coil, a secondary coil, and a tertiary coil, a first switching circuit that turns on or off energization of the primary coil, a second switching circuit that turns on or off energization of the tertiary coil, and a control apparatus that estimates a combustion state, that performs on/off-control of the first switching circuit so that a spark discharge is produced in the ignition plug and that performs on/off-control of the second switching circuit so that magnetic flux in the tertiary coil is changed so as to increase a secondary current, when deterioration of a combustion state has been estimated.

An upper part of FIG. 7 represents a catalyst warming-up control when a normal fuel is used, and a lower part of FIG. 7 represents the catalyst warming-up control when a heavy fuel is used. As understood from a comparison between the upper part and the lower part of FIG. 7, the start timing of the ignition period and the total injection amount of the injector in each cycle when the heavy fuel is used are the same as those when the normal fuel is used, though the ratio of the intake stroke injection and the expansion stroke injection to the total injection amount of the injector is changed to increase the fuel amount of the expansion stroke injection as compared with the case where the normal fuel is used.

A control device is configured to perform, when it is estimated that a combustion fluctuation increases, estimation related to an ignition delay for initial flame generated from a discharge spark and an air-fuel mixture containing fuel spray injected by intake stroke injection. When it is estimated that the ignition delay for the initial flame is increased from that before the increase in the combustion fluctuation, an injection amount in expansion stroke injection is reduced in a next time cycle. When it is estimated that the ignition delay for the initial flame is reduced from that before the increase in the combustion fluctuation, the injection amount in expansion stroke injection is increased in a next time cycle.

The object of the present disclosure is to provide a power semiconductor device capable of miniaturization. According to the present disclosure power semiconductor device includes a semiconductor switching element configured to control a current flowing through a primary coil composing an ignition coil, and a control circuit configured to control drive of the semiconductor switching element, in which the control circuit includes a first constant current source, a first transistor with an output terminal thereof connected to a control terminal of the semiconductor switching element, a resistor with one end thereof connected to a control terminal of the first transistor and an other end thereof connected to the constant current source, a capacitor with one end thereof connected to the control terminal of the first transistor and an other end thereof grounded, and a second transistor with an input terminal thereof connected to the resistor and an output terminal grounded.

An engine system is provided, including a controller which controls devices of an engine at a given engine speed so that, when a demanded engine load is a first load, a mass ratio (G/F) of intake air inside a cylinder (containing fresh air and burnt gas) to fuel is a first G/F and mixture gas inside the cylinder combusts by flame-propagation, when the demanded load is a second load (<the first load), the G/F is a second G/F (>the first G/F) and an injection center-of-gravity is at a timing such that the entire mixture gas combusts by CI combustion, and when the demanded load is between the first and second loads, the G/F is at a third G/F (between the first and second G/Fs) and the injection center-of-gravity is at a later timing such that at least part of the mixture gas combusts by the CI combustion.

An ignition system has an ignition plug and an ignition control unit that controls the ignition plug. When an engine is in a predetermined operating state, the ignition control unit performs ignition control after top dead center to perform ignition after the compression top dead center. The ignition system has an airflow support structure that facilitates the flow of airflow through a discharge gap at least after the compression top dead center. The ignition system is configured such that due to the airflow support structure and the timing of the ignition, airflow at a flow rate of 5 m/s or more flows through the discharge gap during a spark period after top dead center, which is the generation period of the discharge spark in the ignition control after top dead center.

An ignition coil control system may include first and second ignition coils, and a spark plug including a pair of electrodes in which generates spark discharge by discharge currents of the first ignition coil and the second ignition coil, a DC-DC converter connected to a primary coil of the first ignition coil, a primary coil of the second ignition coil and a battery; in which converts current magnitude supplied to a primary coil of the first ignition coil and a primary coil of the second ignition coil from a battery, and a controller in which controls the spark discharge of the electrodes by adjusting an amount and a duration of the discharge current of the first ignition coil and the second ignition coil base on a pulse signal, wherein the controller is configured to selectively execute a multi-state ignition through the first ignition coil and the second ignition coil and a single-stage ignition through one of the first ignition coil and the second ignition coil according to an operation region of an engine.

Systems and methods for starting and restarting an engine of a vehicle are disclosed. Power systems for an engine are disclosed.

The objective is to obtain an internal-combustion-engine ignition apparatus that raises the ignitability at a time when a smolder occurs. An internal-combustion-engine ignition apparatus having a main combustion chamber and a subsidiary combustion chamber includes an ignition plug, an ignition coil having a primary coil, a secondary coil, and a tertiary coil, a first switching circuit that turns on or off energization of the primary coil, a second switching circuit that turns on or off energization of the tertiary coil, and a control apparatus that estimates a combustion state, that performs on/off-control of the first switching circuit so that a spark discharge is produced in the ignition plug and that performs on/off-control of the second switching circuit so that magnetic flux in the tertiary coil is changed so as to increase a secondary current, when deterioration of a combustion state has been estimated.