A method is provided for designing and producing fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) pistons. Pistons made with FRP have a lower mass than prior art metal pistons conferring advantageous engine efficiency and stability. FRP pistons also increase the thermal efficiency of engines by having a lower thermal conductivity, with tighter piston-to-bore clearance, and/increased air-fuel ratio than pistons of metal. The technical parameters of the piston are identified, and a piston body blank is produced. The blank is then machined, a bearing surface for the pin bore is created, the piston blank is optionally coated, is optionally subjected to Heavy Metal Ion Implantation (HMII) treatment and is subjected to sodium silicate impregnation to produce the final pistons.

A method is provided for designing and producing fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) pistons. Pistons made with FRP have a lower mass than prior art metal pistons conferring advantageous engine efficiency and stability. FRP pistons also increase the thermal efficiency of engines by having a lower thermal conductivity, with tighter piston-to-bore clearance, and/increased air-fuel ratio than pistons of metal. The technical parameters of the piston are identified, and a piston body blank is produced. The blank is then machined, a bearing surface for the pin bore is created, the piston blank is optionally coated, is optionally subjected to Heavy Metal Ion Implantation (HMII) treatment and is subjected to sodium silicate impregnation to produce the final pistons.

A membrane system comprising a membrane and connecting elements for connecting the membrane to a membrane pump for conveying a fluid, which membrane pump has a drive shaft designed for an oscillating translatory movement perpendicular to the plane of the membrane during operation of the membrane pump and has an external thread at an end portion for engagement with the membrane system by screwing. To ensure a secure and torque-proof connection between the membrane and the connecting element to be screwed to a drive shaft, the connecting elements comprise a threaded socket, a thrust ring and a thrust plate.

A membrane system comprising a membrane and connecting elements for connecting the membrane to a membrane pump for conveying a fluid, which membrane pump has a drive shaft designed for an oscillating translatory movement perpendicular to the plane of the membrane during operation of the membrane pump and has an external thread at an end portion for engagement with the membrane system by screwing. To ensure a secure and torque-proof connection between the membrane and the connecting element to be screwed to a drive shaft, the connecting elements comprise a threaded socket, a thrust ring and a thrust plate.