An outer ring (26) for a bearing assembly includes an annular backing member (54) having a body, and an annular race member (50). The body has a first portion defining a radial inner surface (98) and a radial outer surface, and a second portion defining an axially-facing base surface (110) and a radially-facing end surface (118). The annular race member has a radial outer face (58) and a radial inner face, and a first axial end face and a second axial end face (70) that both extend between the radial outer face and the radial inner face. The annular backing member is in press-fit engagement with the annular race member such that the radial outer face of the annular race member engages the radial inner surface of the annular backing member and the second axial end face of the annular race member engages the axially-facing base surface of the annular backing member such that the members are unitized.

The invention relates to a surface-hardened, rotationally symmetrical workpiece, to a hardening method and to a hardening apparatus. The proposed hardening apparatus comprises a machine frame on which two coaxially arranged rotary bearings designed to support a rotationally symmetrical workpiece are arranged, at least one rotary bearing being operatively connected to a drive device to generate rotation of the workpiece; and at lease one laser apparatus for generating focused, high-energy radiation is arranged on said rotary bearing, said laser apparatus being movable in the axial direction, and the radiation being directed toward the workpiece.

A method for increasing load capacity of a surface-hardened rolling bearing raceway of a rolling bearing ring element may involve providing a rolling bearing ring element with an unhardened core region and, at least in certain portions, an outer layer hardened to a surface hardening depth. A rolling bearing raceway may be formed in a region of the hardened outer layer. The method may further involve hard rolling the rolling bearing raceway with a roll. The diameter of the roll is 8 to 25 times the surface hardening depth. A surface pressure prevailing in a rolling contact between the roll and the rolling bearing raceway during the hard rolling is between 2000 MPa and 3300 MPa. The method further involves machining the rolling bearing raceway after the hard rolling.

An example bushing of a hydraulic hammer tool includes a bulk region and an inner region. The inner region has a relatively greater hardness than the bulk region. The inner region may also be compressively stressed, while the bulk region may have tensile stress. The stress and/or hardness profile of the bushing may enhance its resistance to wear and galling defects when a hammer of the hydraulic hammer tool is held in alignment by the bushing. The bulk region of the bushing may be relatively soft, resulting in the bushing having a relatively high level of toughness. The bushing may be formed using medium to high carbon steel by rough forming the bushing, hardening the bushing, tempering the bushing, induction hardening the inner region of the bushing, and then quenching the inner region.

A bearing component includes a black-oxide layer having metallic additional elements integrated in the structure of the black-oxide layer. Also a method of forming such a black-oxide layer that includes immersing the bearing component in a bath having the metallic additional element prior to immersing the bearing component in a black oxidation solution.

A wheel bearing assembly includes a wheel hub, at least one inner ring, an outer ring, and one or more rolling elements. An accommodation space may be formed inward of a vehicle-body-side end portion of the wheel hub to accommodate a constant velocity joint, and a plurality of recesses for accommodating rotating elements of the constant velocity joint are formed on an inner peripheral surface of the accommodation space to be spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction. A first heat-treated hardened portion may be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the accommodation space, and may be formed to have portions with which the rotating elements of the constant velocity joint is brought into contact. A second heat-treated hardened portion may formed on an outer peripheral surface of the wheel hub. The first and second heat-treated hardened portions may not overlap each other.

A bearing part includes a quench-hardened layer in a surface of the bearing part. The quench-hardened layer includes a plurality of martensite crystal grains. A ratio of a total area of the plurality of martensite crystal grains in the quench-hardened layer is more than or equal to 70%. The plurality of martensite crystal grains are classified into a first group and a second group. A minimum value of crystal grain sizes of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the first group is larger than a maximum value of crystal grain sizes of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the second group. A value obtained by dividing a total area of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the first group by the total area of the plurality of martensite crystal grains is more than or equal to 0.5.

A rolling bearing 1 includes an outer ring 1A, an inner ring 1B, and a plurality of rolling elements. The outer ring IA includes a first outer ring 10 and a second outer ring 20. The inner ring 1B includes a first inner ring 30 and a second inner ring 40. In a cross section including a central axis R, grain flows 111 in the steel constituting the first outer ring 10 extend along a first rolling surface 511, grain flows 211 in the steel constituting the second outer ring 20 extend along a second rolling surface 512, grain flows 311 in the steel constituting the first inner ring 30 extend along a third rolling surface 513, and grain flows 411 in the steel constituting the second inner ring 40 extend along a fourth rolling surface 514.

A method for controlling carbide network in a bearing steel wire rod by controlling cooling and rolling, comprises the following steps: rapidly rolling a bar to a wire rod and spinning it into a loose coil, controlling the rolling temperature at 780° C.-880° C.; and the spinning temperature at 750° C.-850° C.; carrying out on-line controlling cooling of continuous loose coils using EDC water bath austempering cooling process, controlling the cooling rate at 2.0° C./s-10° C./s, and controlling the final cooling temperature within 620-630° C.; after EDC water bath austempering cooling, using slow cooling under a cover, and the temperature is controlled to be 400° C.-500° C. when being removed out of the cover; after slow cooling, collecting coils, and cooling in air to the room temperature.

An apparatus is provided that includes a diamond bearing surface positioned in sliding engagement with an opposing bearing surface of a diamond reactive material. The opposing bearing surface is hardened via a material treatment.