A pump operation piston biased by a neutral spring mechanism and a larger volume operation spring biased by a larger volume operation spring in a larger volume direction operatively move pump and motor volume adjusting members, respectively, is provided. A first pressure control valve commonly controls supply-discharge of pressure oil that presses the pump operation piston in a first slide direction and the motor operation piston in a smaller volume direction. A second pressure control valve controls supply-discharge of pressure oil that presses the pump operation piston in a second slide direction. Biasing forces of the neutral spring mechanism and the larger volume operation spring are so set that, after the pump operation piston is moved in the first slide direction by a predetermined distance, the motor operation piston starts moving.

A pump operation piston biased by a neutral spring mechanism and a larger volume operation spring biased by a larger volume operation spring in a larger volume direction operatively move pump and motor volume adjusting members, respectively, is provided. A first pressure control valve commonly controls supply-discharge of pressure oil that presses the pump operation piston in a first slide direction and the motor operation piston in a smaller volume direction. A second pressure control valve controls supply-discharge of pressure oil that presses the pump operation piston in a second slide direction. Biasing forces of the neutral spring mechanism and the larger volume operation spring are so set that, after the pump operation piston is moved in the first slide direction by a predetermined distance, the motor operation piston starts moving.

A vehicle having a pair of electric actuators for use with a pair of drive apparatuses is disclosed herein. For each actuator, an electric motor drives a reduction gear train to position a control shaft, the reduction gear train having a worm drive that motivates a spur gear reduction. The housing of the electric actuator features a motor chamber to accommodate the electric motor and is sealed by a cap having an electric connector.

A vehicle having a pair of electric actuators for use with a pair of drive apparatuses is disclosed herein. For each actuator, an electric motor drives a reduction gear train to position a control shaft, the reduction gear train having a worm drive that motivates a spur gear reduction. The housing of the electric actuator features a motor chamber to accommodate the electric motor and is sealed by a cap having an electric connector.

A system for controlling the wheel or track motors of a vehicle based on information from a joystick-type control. In one embodiment, the system includes a joystick control configured to generate X and Y coordinates, and a vehicle controller configured to receive the X and Y coordinates from the joystick control and to determine an adjusted X and Y coordinate combination for each of four vehicle control quadrants. The four vehicle control quadrants include a right-reverse quadrant, a right-forward quadrant, a left-reverse quadrant, and a left-forward control quadrant. The adjusted X and Y coordinate combination for a particular control quadrant is determined based on a control value for that quadrant and a previous control value.

A system for controlling the wheel or track motors of a vehicle based on information from a joystick-type control. In one embodiment, the system includes a joystick control configured to generate X and Y coordinates, and a vehicle controller configured to receive the X and Y coordinates from the joystick control and to determine an adjusted X and Y coordinate combination for each of four vehicle control quadrants. The four vehicle control quadrants include a right-reverse quadrant, a right-forward quadrant, a left-reverse quadrant, and a left-forward control quadrant. The adjusted X and Y coordinate combination for a particular control quadrant is determined based on a control value for that quadrant and a previous control value.

A bi-directional pump connected to a motor by a pair of supply/discharge lines; a regulator changes the bi-directional pump tilting angle; and a controller controls the regulator based on a turning signal outputted from a turning operation valve. At the turning acceleration, at which the signal increases, the controller calculates a motor flow rate passing through the motor and an instruction flow rate determined based on the turning signal. If the instruction flow rate is greater than a reference flow rate obtained by adding a predetermined value to the motor flow rate, the controller controls the regulator so the bi-directional pump tilting angle is adjusted to a tilting angle realizing the reference flow rate. If the instruction flow rate is not greater than the reference flow rate, the controller controls the regulator so the bi-directional pump tilting angle is adjusted to a tilting angle realizing the instruction flow rate.

A bi-directional pump connected to a motor by a pair of supply/discharge lines; a regulator changes the bi-directional pump tilting angle; and a controller controls the regulator based on a turning signal outputted from a turning operation valve. At the turning acceleration, at which the signal increases, the controller calculates a motor flow rate passing through the motor and an instruction flow rate determined based on the turning signal. If the instruction flow rate is greater than a reference flow rate obtained by adding a predetermined value to the motor flow rate, the controller controls the regulator so the bi-directional pump tilting angle is adjusted to a tilting angle realizing the reference flow rate. If the instruction flow rate is not greater than the reference flow rate, the controller controls the regulator so the bi-directional pump tilting angle is adjusted to a tilting angle realizing the instruction flow rate.

This disclosure generally relates to an automatic bicycle, particularly to a hydraulic automatic transmission bicycle which can automatically and adaptively change gear ratios. More particularly, this disclosure relates to those hydraulic automatic transmission bicycles which use fluid pressure to change such gear ratios, and which include various hydraulic automatic transmissions which may be provided in various configurations and may operate in various methods and sequences to provide automatic and infinitely variable gear ratios.

This disclosure generally relates to an automatic bicycle, particularly to a hydraulic automatic transmission bicycle which can automatically and adaptively change gear ratios. More particularly, this disclosure relates to those hydraulic automatic transmission bicycles which use fluid pressure to change such gear ratios, and which include various hydraulic automatic transmissions which may be provided in various configurations and may operate in various methods and sequences to provide automatic and infinitely variable gear ratios.