The invention relates to a capsule for a valve as well as to a valve comprising such a capsule. The task of the present invention is to provide a valve in which tight tolerances for construction can be achieved and the assembly of the valve is simplified. According to the present invention the above task is solved by a capsule (1) for a valve comprising at least one diaphragm (2), a valve seat (3), a capsule inlet (5) and a capsule outlet (6). The valve seat (3) is openable and closable to permit or stop a fluid flow from the capsule inlet (5) to the capsule outlet (6). The above task is also solved by a capsule (1) for a valve that comprises at least one diaphragm (2), a valve seat (3), a capsule inlet (5) and a capsule outlet (6), wherein the capsule (1) is structured and arranged to control the position of a pilot valve element external to the capsule (1). The above task is also solved by a valve (10) comprising a valve housing (15), wherein a capsule (1) of the above kind is arranged in the valve housing (15).

A pressure reducing valve includes: a body, a valve seat, and a valve element opening and closing the valve seat according to a difference between a pressure on the inlet side and a pressure on the outlet side. A pressure chamber, which is a space part between the valve element and the valve seat, is provided on the inlet side of the valve element. The valve element includes a plurality of horizontal holes each opening to the pressure chamber, and a vertical hole bringing the horizontal holes and the outlet side of the valve element into communication with each other. The horizontal holes and the vertical hole are provided in such a manner that a value of a ratio of a flow channel area of the vertical hole to a total area that is a total of flow channel areas of the horizontal holes exceeds 1.16.

A pressure reducing valve includes: a body, a valve seat, and a valve element opening and closing the valve seat according to a difference between a pressure on the inlet side and a pressure on the outlet side. A pressure chamber, which is a space part between the valve element and the valve seat, is provided on the inlet side of the valve element. The valve element includes a plurality of horizontal holes each opening to the pressure chamber, and a vertical hole bringing the horizontal holes and the outlet side of the valve element into communication with each other. The horizontal holes and the vertical hole are provided in such a manner that a value of a ratio of a flow channel area of the vertical hole to a total area that is a total of flow channel areas of the horizontal holes exceeds 1.16.

An inadvertent actuation block valve includes inlet and outlet orifices being in selective fluid communication via a chamber. A disc is disposed within the chamber and a bellows is configured to contract at a predetermined pressure differential between reactor fluid entering a reference pressure orifice and control fluid entering the inlet orifice. When the bellows contracts, the disc engages the outlet orifice and isolates fluid communication between the inlet and outlet orifices. The inadvertent actuation block valve prevents inadvertent opening of an emergency core cooling valve when a reactor is at operating pressure that is above the predetermined set pressure range. The inadvertent actuation block valve permits the emergency cooling valves to open and to remain open when reactor pressure is below the predetermined set pressure range. The inadvertent actuation block valve does not impede long term emergency cooling that occurs when the reactor is at low pressure.

An example valve includes: a first port, a second port, and a load-sense port; a valve piston configured to block fluid flow from the first port to the second port when the valve piston is in a neutral position; a reverse flow spring applying a first biasing force on the valve piston in a proximal direction; and a pressure compensation spring disposed in a spring chamber and applying a second biasing force on the valve piston in a distal direction, wherein when pressure level of fluid at the second port is higher than pressure level of fluid at the load-sense port, fluid flows from the second port to the spring chamber and the load-sense port, and wherein when pressure level of fluid at the load-sense port is higher than pressure level of fluid at the second port, fluid of the load-sense port is provided to the spring chamber.

A method of manufacturing a hydraulic valve component using additive manufacturing includes laying successive layers to form a flow aperture for a hydraulic valve component, and creating a lattice or mesh structure that at least partially defines the flow aperture of the hydraulic valve component, or a feature that forms an undercut along a direction that is parallel to a flow direction of the flow aperture, or a flow aperture having a size varying along a circumferential direction of the valve component.

A method of manufacturing a hydraulic valve component using additive manufacturing includes laying successive layers to form a flow aperture for a hydraulic valve component, and creating a lattice or mesh structure that at least partially defines the flow aperture of the hydraulic valve component, or a feature that forms an undercut along a direction that is parallel to a flow direction of the flow aperture, or a flow aperture having a size varying along a circumferential direction of the valve component.

A diaphragm assembly for a pressure relief valve can include a disc guide that is configured to receive a portion of a disc holder, a bonnet adapter, and a diaphragm that is clamped at an outer edge between the disc guide and the bonnet adapter. The diaphragm assembly can be positioned between a bonnet of the pressure relief valve and a valve body of the pressure relief valve to convert the pressure relief valve to a backpressure-balanced pressure relief valve by counterbalancing a backpressure that acts upon the disc holder.

A pressure relief valve includes a valve body; a valve cover matched with the valve body; a flexible element positioned between the valve body and the valve cover and having a through hole; and a breathable film covering the through hole. The flexible element has a compression portion at least partially surrounding the through hole and configured to be deformable to make the flexible element displace relative to the valve body. A battery pack can use the pressure relief valve. Due to the use of the pressure relief valve, internal pressure of the battery pack can be controlled.

A pressure relief valve includes a valve body; a valve cover matched with the valve body; a flexible element positioned between the valve body and the valve cover and having a through hole; and a breathable film covering the through hole. The flexible element has a compression portion at least partially surrounding the through hole and configured to be deformable to make the flexible element displace relative to the valve body. A battery pack can use the pressure relief valve. Due to the use of the pressure relief valve, internal pressure of the battery pack can be controlled.