Disclosed are methods and apparatus for identifying non-metallic subterranean structures using amorphous metal markers associated with the structures. Some examples will include the amorphous metal in the form of one or more sections of an amorphous metal foil within a protective enclosure sufficient to physically isolate the amorphous metal foil from the surrounding Earth. The amorphous metal foil and enclosure may be in the form of a tape which either will be secured to, or placed proximate the subterranean structure, which may be, for example, a pipe or conduit, or other non-metallic structure.

A fluid circuit includes a plurality of tubing segments and a plurality of operative components. Each tubing segment includes i) a non-conductive polymer portion defining a fluid passageway and ii) one or more interior conductive fluoropolymer stripes extending axially to the ends of each of the respective tubing segments. Each operative component includes a conductive fluoropolymer that extends between a plurality of tubing connector fittings forming a part of the fluid circuit, wherein each of the tubing connector fittings conductively connect the respective conductor of the operative component to the interior conductive fluoropolymer stripes of the tubing segment to provide a path to ground that extends through each operative component and each tubing segment.

A central body for a hydraulic system for fluid, including a frame having a first tubular end for connecting an upstream hydraulic circuit including a first fitting, and a second tubular end for connecting a downstream hydraulic circuit including a second fitting, the central body including a passage passing through the frame in order to convey the fluid coming from the upstream hydraulic circuit to the downstream hydraulic circuit, the frame being produced from an electrically insulating material, the central body including a printed circuit having controlled electrical properties in order to conduct a part of the electrical charges flowing in the upstream hydraulic circuit and the downstream hydraulic circuit.

The proposed technology relates to a system (8) for preventing microbiological growth in a conduit conveying a liquid. The system (8) comprises a multi-layered pipe (10) constituting said conduit and having an inner layer (12) that covers the complete inside (16) of the pipe (10) and is formed of an electrically conductive polymer material. A liquid in the pipe (10) is in direct contact with the inner layer (12). The system further has a first electrical connector (18) and a second electrical connector (19) connecting to the inner layer (12) from outside the pipe (10), wherein the first electric connector (18) and the second electric connector (19) are spaced apart along the pipe (10). The system further has an electric power source (20) operationally connected to the first electrical connector (18) and the second electrical connector (19) and configured for supplying an electric current to the inner layer (12).

A pipeline for conveying fluids or solids has a metallic pipe on which a tubular lining made of plastic is arranged on an inner wall. The wall structure with the lining and the metallic pipe are designed to be electrically conductive and the electrical resistance of the wall structure being less than 10.sup.8Ω. This allows the electrostatically charged bulk material or fluid to discharge reliably when passing through the pipe.

A fluid circuit includes a plurality of tubing segments and a plurality of operative components. Each tubing segment includes i) a non-conductive polymer portion defining a fluid passageway and ii) one or more interior conductive fluoropolymer stripes extending axially to the ends of each of the respective tubing segments. Each operative component includes a conductive fluoropolymer that extends between a plurality of tubing connector fittings forming a part of the fluid circuit, wherein each of the tubing connector fittings conductively connect the respective conductor of the operative component to the interior conductive fluoropolymer stripes of the tubing segment to provide a path to ground that extends through each operative component and each tubing segment.

A dissipative peristaltic pump tube includes a dissipative layer including a thermoplastic elastomer and an anti-static additive, wherein the surface resistivity of the dissipative peristaltic pump tube is at least about 10.sup.6 ohm/square. Further included is a peristaltic pump that includes the dissipative peristaltic pump tube.

A fiber reinforced polymer composite pipe includes first and second ends and defines a central axis running in a longitudinal direction from the first end to the second end, and the pipe including at least one non-linear portion along the central axis between the first end and the second end. A first material extends continuously from the first end to the second end, the first material being a fiber reinforced polymer material comprising fiber reinforcement in a polymer matrix and having an electrical resistivity determined by an electrically conductive fiber reinforcement and/or an electrically conductive additive in the polymer matrix; and a second material arranged at the at least one non-linear portion and extending discontinuously between the first end and the second end, and has an elastic modulus greater than the elastic modulus of the first material in the longitudinal direction.

An electrostatic discharge tubing segment includes a porous non-conductive interior surface and an adjacent conductive polymer portion. The conductive polymer portion is configured to transfer electrostatic charge generated by a charged fluid passing through the tubing segment to ground such that electrostatic discharge can be mitigated.

A fiber reinforced polymer composite pipe includes first and second ends and defines a central axis running in a longitudinal direction from the first end to the second end, and the pipe including at least one non-linear portion along the central axis between the first end and the second end. A first material extends continuously from the first end to the second end, the first material being a fiber reinforced polymer material comprising fiber reinforcement in a polymer matrix and having an electrical resistivity determined by an electrically conductive fiber reinforcement and/or an electrically conductive additive in the polymer matrix; and a second material arranged at the at least one non-linear portion and extending discontinuously between the first end and the second end, and has an elastic modulus greater than the elastic modulus of the first material in the longitudinal direction.