A heat exchanger which is used primarily in oil and gas operations to heat tanks of liquids, such as drilling mud, water, heavy oil or other such fluids from freezing or becoming too viscous to pump.

Provided in the invention are a catalyst for preparing phosgene and a preparation method therefor, and a method for the preparation of phosgene and the comprehensive utilization of energy thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) stirring and soaking activated carbon in a modifying solution, then adding dimethyltin dichloride and chromium oxide powders and carrying out a reaction, and then adding a nickel oxide fine powder and ultrasonically oscillating same to prepare a pre-modified activated carbon; 2) drying the pre-modified activated carbon; and 3) heating and calcinating the dried pre-modified activated carbon from step 2) to prepare the catalyst. Based on the preparation method, thin layers are formed on the surface of the catalyst by bonding chromium tin phosphate and chromium tin silicate with Ni by means of —O—Ni—O—, respectively, which can improve the high-temperature resistance and oxidation resistance of the activated carbon, and improve the safe and stable operation level of a device. The aim of integrated comprehensive utilization of energy is achieved by coupling phosgene production with an evaporation and concentration process of brine and using steam as a heat source for evaporation and concentration of the brine.

A method of connecting a heat exchanger, which is used primarily in oil and gas operations to heat tanks of liquids, such as drilling mud, water, heavy oil or other such fluids from freezing or becoming too viscous to pump, to a tank.

A thermal electric power generator includes an evaporator, an expander, an electric generator, a condenser, and a pump. A working fluid used in the thermal electric power generator is an organic working fluid. The evaporator includes a heat exchanger, a bypass channel, and a flow rate adjustment mechanism. The bypass channel allows a heat medium to bypass the heat exchanger. The flow rate adjustment mechanism adjusts a flow rate of the heat medium to be supplied to the heat exchanger and a flow rate of the heat medium to be supplied to the bypass channel.

A method of connecting a heat exchanger, which is used primarily in oil and gas operations to heat tanks of liquids, such as drilling mud, water, heavy oil or other such fluids from freezing or becoming too viscous to pump, to a tank.

A heat exchanger which is used primarily in oil and gas operations to heat tanks of liquids, such as drilling mud, water, heavy oil or other such fluids from freezing or becoming too viscous to pump.

The invention relates to a power generator. The power generator comprises a vessel provided with a heat exchanging unit for alternatingly heating and cooling an organic based working fluid contained in the interior of the vessel during operation of the power generator. Further, the power generator comprises a mechanical unit associated with the vessel and provided with a reciprocating moving element that moves responsive to the heating and cooling process. The heat exchanging unit is arranged for heating the working fluid from below an evaporation temperature and for cooling the working fluid from above the evaporation temperature. Further, the power generator comprises a pressure transferring structure for transferring a pressure exerted by gas in the vessel towards the mechanical unit for driving the reciprocating moving element.

The invention relates to a thermodynamic circuit process device comprising a working medium having a lubricant additive; an expansion machine (5) for converting enthalpy in the working medium into mechanical energy; a multi-stage pressure-increasing apparatus (1) for the step-by-step pressurization of the working medium; a means (4) for branching a part of the working medium between two stages of the multi-stage pressure-increasing apparatus (1); and a means (4) for feeding the branched off part of the working medium to one or a plurality of bearing points of the expansion machine. The invention further relates to a corresponding method for lubricating an expansion machine in a thermodynamic circuit process device.

Provided in the invention are a catalyst for preparing phosgene and a preparation method therefor, and a method for the preparation of phosgene and the comprehensive utilization of energy thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) stirring and soaking activated carbon in a modifying solution, then adding dimethyltin dichloride and chromium oxide powders and carrying out a reaction, and then adding a nickel oxide fine powder and ultrasonically oscillating same to prepare a pre-modified activated carbon; 2) drying the pre-modified activated carbon; and 3) heating and calcinating the dried pre-modified activated carbon from step 2) to prepare the catalyst.

In one aspect, the invention can be a heat exchanger comprising: a shell having an inner surface forming a cavity, the shell comprising an inlet for introducing the shell-side liquid into the cavity and an outlet for allowing the vapor to exit the cavity; a tube bundle comprising a plurality of tubes for carrying a tube-side fluid located in the cavity and having a longitudinal axis; a shroud circumferentially surrounding the tube bundle and positioned between the tube bundle and the inner surface of the shell so that an annular space exists between the shroud and the inner surface; an opening in a bottom portion of the shroud that forms a passageway between the annular space and the tube bundle; and an opening in a top portion of the shroud that forms a passageway between the annular space and the tube bundle.