A steam generator for a fuel cell system having a heat exchanger (34) with at least one internal heat exchange surface, a water inflow pipe (46), a dripper head (52) with a flow passageway fluidly connected to the water inflow pipe (46). The dripper head (52) extends inside the heat exchanger (52) above the heat exchange surface for feeding water down onto the heat exchange surface for conversion into steam. The dripper head (52) has outlet holes (56) spaced along the flow passageway and between adjacent outlet (holes 56) the dripper head has a stepped profile on at least its underside to prevent droplets from adjacent holes coalescing. A fuel inflow pipe can have a section mounted coaxially to a part of the water inflow pipe (46). The fuel inflow pipe's section can surround the water inflow pipe's part. In a fuel cell system with a steam generator, the steam generator can include the fuel inflow pipe and a combined steam and fuel outlet and a reformer directly or indirectly connected downstream of the steam generator.

A modular heat recovery steam generator (mHRSG) comprises a first boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a first piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the first boiler module using bolts; a second boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a second piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the second boiler module using bolts; and a main stack. The first boiler module is operatively coupled to the second boiler module and the second boiler module is operatively coupled to the main stack.

The invention relates to a steam generator tool configured to receive a supply of fuel, oxidant, water and power/control, and therefrom, to combust the fuel and generate steam from the water. The tool can be used downhole or on surface. The tool includes a tool coupling component configured to receive inputs of water, fuel, oxidant and power/control; a flow diversion component coupled to the coupling component and which directs the inputs into the tool; and an ignition component configured to ignite the fuel to produce a flame. Tool further includes a combustion chamber configured to accommodate the flame; and a plurality of water nozzle on the external surface of the tool configured to eject water onto the outer surface of the combustion chamber, the water being converted to steam during operation of the tool. The tool coupling component forms a first, which may be considered the upper end of the steam generator tool and the combustion chamber is at the second, opposite end of the tool.

Flowing a first buffer fluid and a second buffer fluid through a heat exchanger network thermally coupled to heat sources of a Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) fractionation plant, and transferring heat from the heat sources to the first buffer fluid and the second buffer fluid. Generating power via a first sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network and generating potable water from brackish water via a second sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network.

A rural bulk organic waste pollutant source comprehensive treatment system including a solid high-temperature aerobic fermentation reactor, a liquid high-temperature aerobic fermentation reactor and a multifunctional boiler is provided. A rural bulk organic waste pollutant source comprehensive treatment method. For excretion waste of a livestock farm adopting the technology of manure cleaning by urine submerging, a solid-liquid separation is firstly performed thereto, wherein solid is conveyed to the solid high-temperature aerobic fermentation reactor and fermented to produce solid organic fertilizers, and liquid is conveyed to the liquid high-temperature aerobic fermentation reactor and fermented to produce liquid organic fertilizers. For dry collection manure of a livestock and poultry farm, carbon-containing auxiliary materials, residues left after dead animals and household waste being incinerated by the multifunctional boiler, and ash generated by straw burning are added thereto, and then the mixture is conveyed to the solid high-temperature aerobic fermentation reactor and fermented to produce solid organic fertilizers. Exhaust fume and hot water produced by the multifunctional boiler pass through the solid high-temperature aerobic fermentation reactor and the liquid high-temperature aerobic fermentation reactor to heat the reactors and keep the reactors warm.

Flowing a first buffer fluid and a second buffer fluid through a heat exchanger network thermally coupled to heat sources of a Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) fractionation plant, and transferring heat from the heat sources to the first buffer fluid and the second buffer fluid. Generating power via a first sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network and generating potable water from brackish water via a second sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network.

A modular heat recovery steam generator (mHRSG) comprises a first boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a first piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the first boiler module using bolts; a second boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a second piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the second boiler module using bolts; and a main stack. The first boiler module is operatively coupled to the second boiler module and the second boiler module is operatively coupled to the main stack.

Certain aspects of natural gas liquid fractionation plant waste heat conversion to simultaneous power and potable water using Kalina Cycle and modified multi-effect-distillation system can be implemented as a system. The system includes a waste heat recovery heat exchanger network coupled to multiple heat sources of a Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) fractionation plant. The heat exchanger network is configured to transfer at least a portion of heat generated at the multiple heat sources to a first buffer fluid and a second buffer fluid flowed through the first heat exchanger network. The system includes a first sub-system configured to generate power. The first sub-system is thermally coupled to the waste heat recovery heat exchanger. The system includes a second sub-system configured to generate potable water from brackish water. The second sub-system is thermally coupled to the waste heat recovery heat exchanger.

Certain aspects of natural gas liquid fractionation plant waste heat conversion to simultaneous power and potable water using Kalina Cycle and modified multi-effect-distillation system can be implemented as a system. The system includes a waste heat recovery heat exchanger network coupled to multiple heat sources of a Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) fractionation plant. The heat exchanger network is configured to transfer at least a portion of heat generated at the multiple heat sources to a first buffer fluid and a second buffer fluid flowed through the first heat exchanger network. The system includes a first sub-system configured to generate power. The first sub-system is thermally coupled to the waste heat recovery heat exchanger. The system includes a second sub-system configured to generate potable water from brackish water. The second sub-system is thermally coupled to the waste heat recovery heat exchanger.

A method for using untreated produced water to generate steam and simultaneously producing diluents is disclosed. The method includes a combustion process for generating steam for hydrocarbon recovery using untreated water and, an optional process for recovering combustion byproducts to assist in hydrocarbon recovery or solvent injections. Specifically, a novel combustion method and a double-tube heat exchanger are used to generate steam while minimizing or eliminating water treatment steps and boiler fouling. Low value pitch, also known as asphalt, is used for combustion fuel. In addition to the steam generation, byproducts of the combustion process can be utilized in solvent injections or as a diluent.