Transition castings are disclosed which comprise a steam tube and a water tube, which are joined together by membranes. A heat transfer fin extends from the membrane and abuts the water tube. The steam tube bends such that an upper end is on one side of the water tube, and a lower end is on an opposite side of the water tube. The transition castings are used in a transition section of a boiler in which the furnace is divided into a lower furnace and an upper furnace. The lower furnace uses water-cooled membrane walls, while the upper furnace uses steam-cooled membrane walls that act as superheating surfaces. The transition casting joins the lower furnace and the upper furnace together.

Transition castings are disclosed which comprise a steam tube and a water tube, which are joined together by membranes. A heat transfer fin extends from the membrane and abuts the water tube. The steam tube bends such that an upper end is on one side of the water tube, and a lower end is on an opposite side of the water tube. The transition castings are used in a transition section of a boiler in which the furnace is divided into a lower furnace and an upper furnace. The lower furnace uses water-cooled membrane walls, while the upper furnace uses steam-cooled membrane walls that act as superheating surfaces. The transition casting joins the lower furnace and the upper furnace together.

A modular heat recovery steam generator (mHRSG) comprises a first boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a first piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the first boiler module using bolts; a second boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a second piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the second boiler module using bolts; and a main stack. The first boiler module is operatively coupled to the second boiler module and the second boiler module is operatively coupled to the main stack.

A modular heat recovery steam generator (mHRSG) comprises a first boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a first piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the first boiler module using bolts; a second boiler module comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end; a second piping deck comprising a plurality of pipes having at least one pipe with a flanged end, wherein the pipe with the flanged end is secured to the pipe with the flanged end of the second boiler module using bolts; and a main stack. The first boiler module is operatively coupled to the second boiler module and the second boiler module is operatively coupled to the main stack.

A heat exchanger (10) is disclosed for providing heat exchange between fluids (24, 25), such as in a solar power plant (1), wherein said heat exchanger (10) comprises a first pipe connector (13) and a second pipe connector (14), and a pipe bundle (17) extending between the first and second pipe connectors (13, 14), wherein said pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) are configured to guide a second fluid (25), wherein said pipe bundle (17) is connected to the first and second pipe connectors (13, 14) at pipe connection points (16) so the inside of the pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) is in fluid communication with the cavities (15) of the first and second pipe connector (13, 14), and wherein pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) are arranged next to each other and extend together between the pipe connectors (13, 14) in a meandering manner providing a plurality of crests (20a, 20b) on the pipes (17a-17n) between the pipe connectors (13, 14), and so that crests (20) of pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) are arranged to extend into recesses (21) provided by one or more crests (20) on other pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17).

A heat exchanger (10) is disclosed for providing heat exchange between fluids (24, 25), such as in a solar power plant (1), wherein said heat exchanger (10) comprises a first pipe connector (13) and a second pipe connector (14), and a pipe bundle (17) extending between the first and second pipe connectors (13, 14), wherein said pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) are configured to guide a second fluid (25), wherein said pipe bundle (17) is connected to the first and second pipe connectors (13, 14) at pipe connection points (16) so the inside of the pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) is in fluid communication with the cavities (15) of the first and second pipe connector (13, 14), and wherein pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) are arranged next to each other and extend together between the pipe connectors (13, 14) in a meandering manner providing a plurality of crests (20a, 20b) on the pipes (17a-17n) between the pipe connectors (13, 14), and so that crests (20) of pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17) are arranged to extend into recesses (21) provided by one or more crests (20) on other pipes (17a-17n) of the pipe bundle (17).

An economizer having a structure capable of efficiently warming water and facilitating inspection and cleaning is obtained.

In an economizer for warming water by combustion exhaust gas generated by a boiler, to a cylindrical water pipe in which an inflow port and an outflow port are formed on a side surface and through which the water passes, a plurality of gas pipes erected for circulating the combustion exhaust gas are arranged in corresponding fan-shaped portions of the water pipe. The combustion exhaust gas introduced from a bottom surface side of the water pipe folds back at an upper part of the water pipe and flows downward, then folds back at a lower part of the water pipe, flows upward, and flows out from an upper surface side of the water pipe, whereby the plurality of gas pipes efficiently warms the water in the water pipe.

An economizer having a structure capable of efficiently warming water and facilitating inspection and cleaning is obtained.

In an economizer for warming water by combustion exhaust gas generated by a boiler, to a cylindrical water pipe in which an inflow port and an outflow port are formed on a side surface and through which the water passes, a plurality of gas pipes erected for circulating the combustion exhaust gas are arranged in corresponding fan-shaped portions of the water pipe. The combustion exhaust gas introduced from a bottom surface side of the water pipe folds back at an upper part of the water pipe and flows downward, then folds back at a lower part of the water pipe, flows upward, and flows out from an upper surface side of the water pipe, whereby the plurality of gas pipes efficiently warms the water in the water pipe.

Disclosed are a test loop for simulating a steam generator with or without an axial economizer and a test method thereof. The loop includes a cooling water loop, a water supply loop, a recirculated water loop and a power supply. The cooling water loop is used for condensing and cooling wet steam and providing the wet steam to the water supply loop and the recirculated water loop. The water supply loop is used for providing cold-state water supply for a test device, the recirculated water loop is used for reheating cooled water to be saturated and providing the water to the test device. The power supply is used for supplying power to heating equipment and an electric heater in the test device. The present disclosure provides a test method of the loop. Simulation tests can be carried out on a steam generator with or without an axial economizer.

Disclosed are a test loop for simulating a steam generator with or without an axial economizer and a test method thereof. The loop includes a cooling water loop, a water supply loop, a recirculated water loop and a power supply. The cooling water loop is used for condensing and cooling wet steam and providing the wet steam to the water supply loop and the recirculated water loop. The water supply loop is used for providing cold-state water supply for a test device, the recirculated water loop is used for reheating cooled water to be saturated and providing the water to the test device. The power supply is used for supplying power to heating equipment and an electric heater in the test device. The present disclosure provides a test method of the loop. Simulation tests can be carried out on a steam generator with or without an axial economizer.