A system and method for warmkeeping a steam generator such as a sub-critical steam generator is disclosed. Water extraction piping extracts water from a component of one of the water fill circuits of the sub-critical steam generator. A deaerator heating system having an inventory tank of water mixes the extracted water with the water in the tank, and heats the mix of water to a predetermined temperature level to generate heated deaerated feedwater. Feedwater piping forwards the heated deaerated feedwater at the predetermined temperature level from the deaerator heating system to the water fill circuits of the sub-critical steam generator. The water extraction piping, the deaerator heating system and the feedwater piping operate cooperatively to warmkeep the water fill circuits in accordance with the predetermined temperature level while the sub-critical steam generator is in the unfired stand-by mode of operation.

A pump uses the steam hammer effect to pump water from a reservoir into a control volume. Steam is injected into a water conduit extending between a liquid water reservoir and the control volume forms a liquid steam interface. Steam within the conduit condenses on the interface creating a region of partial vacuum. Water accelerates into the region of partial vacuum and is vented into the control volume, flow being controlled by a valve.

A pump uses the steam hammer effect to pump water from a reservoir into a control volume. Steam is injected into a water conduit extending between a liquid water reservoir and the control volume forms a liquid steam interface. Steam within the conduit condenses on the interface creating a region of partial vacuum. Water accelerates into the region of partial vacuum and is vented into the control volume, flow being controlled by a valve.

A method for operating a heating boiler and variant embodiments thereof are proposed. A working fluid is heated in the heating boiler consisting of at least two chambers by the heat of at least one heat carrier, and, by means of at least one of the heat exchangers in the heating boiler, a change in the temperature of the heat carrier in relation to the working fluid in the chambers is realized by supplying a more greatly heated heat carrier to the chambers containing a more greatly heated working fluid and, correspondingly, supplying a less greatly heated heat carrier to the chambers containing a less greatly heated working fluid, and, after heating, the working fluid is conducted out of the chamber via at least one channel or valve for use. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the heat recovering.

A method for operating a heating boiler and variant embodiments thereof are proposed. A working fluid is heated in the heating boiler consisting of at least two chambers by the heat of at least one heat carrier, and, by means of at least one of the heat exchangers in the heating boiler, a change in the temperature of the heat carrier in relation to the working fluid in the chambers is realized by supplying a more greatly heated heat carrier to the chambers containing a more greatly heated working fluid and, correspondingly, supplying a less greatly heated heat carrier to the chambers containing a less greatly heated working fluid, and, after heating, the working fluid is conducted out of the chamber via at least one channel or valve for use. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the heat recovering.

A system and method for warmkeeping a steam generator such as a sub-critical steam generator is disclosed. Water extraction piping extracts water from a component of one of the water fill circuits of the sub-critical steam generator. A deaerator heating system having an inventory tank of water mixes the extracted water with the water in the tank, and heats the mix of water to a predetermined temperature level to generate heated deaerated feedwater. Feedwater piping forwards the heated deaerated feedwater at the predetermined temperature level from the deaerator heating system to the water fill circuits of the sub-critical steam generator. The water extraction piping, the deaerator heating system and the feedwater piping operate cooperatively to warmkeep the water fill circuits in accordance with the predetermined temperature level while the sub-critical steam generator is in the unfired stand-by mode of operation.

A system and method for warmkeeping a steam generator such as a sub-critical steam generator is disclosed. Water extraction piping extracts water from a component of one of the water fill circuits of the sub-critical steam generator. A deaerator heating system having an inventory tank of water mixes the extracted water with the water in the tank, and heats the mix of water to a predetermined temperature level to generate heated deaerated feedwater. Feedwater piping forwards the heated deaerated feedwater at the predetermined temperature level from the deaerator heating system to the water fill circuits of the sub-critical steam generator. The water extraction piping, the deaerator heating system and the feedwater piping operate cooperatively to warmkeep the water fill circuits in accordance with the predetermined temperature level while the sub-critical steam generator is in the unfired stand-by mode of operation.

A method of estimating fluid in a steam generation system includes periodically determining steam flow rates and drainage flow rates to accurately estimate fluid levels. The method includes determining a first steam flow rate of a steam generator. Before a present steam cycle, determine a starting quantity of liquid in one or more liquid reservoirs. During a present steam cycle, determine a quantity of liquid remaining in the one or more liquid reservoirs by determining a time the steam generator injected steam and multiplying the time by the first steam flow rate. Based on the first steam flow rate, determine a time remaining before the quantity of liquid remaining in the one or more liquid reservoirs is below a threshold and the one or more liquid reservoirs needs to be refilled. With the drain flow rate, the steam generation system can be emptied with minimized dry cycle duration.

A method of estimating fluid in a steam generation system includes periodically determining steam flow rates and drainage flow rates to accurately estimate fluid levels. The method includes determining a first steam flow rate of a steam generator. Before a present steam cycle, determine a starting quantity of liquid in one or more liquid reservoirs. During a present steam cycle, determine a quantity of liquid remaining in the one or more liquid reservoirs by determining a time the steam generator injected steam and multiplying the time by the first steam flow rate. Based on the first steam flow rate, determine a time remaining before the quantity of liquid remaining in the one or more liquid reservoirs is below a threshold and the one or more liquid reservoirs needs to be refilled. With the drain flow rate, the steam generation system can be emptied with minimized dry cycle duration.

The invention relates to a domestic water heating system, which comprises: (A) a main water tank; and (B) an accelerator having a sleeve, which in turn comprises a mechanism for flushing lime scale accumulated at the bottom of the internal hollow of the sleeve, said mechanism causes a flow of cold-water from a cold-water inlet, to said bottom of the internal hollow of the sleeve, and from there to the main tank via hollows in the sleeve.