In a burner of an embodiment, a torch part includes: a torch combustor liner that is provided in a torch part casing and burns a fuel and an oxidant; a torch fuel supply part that supplies a fuel; a torch oxidant supply part that supplies an oxidant; an ignition device that ignites a fuel-air mixture; and a combustion gas pipe that is arranged at the center of the torch part and leads a combustion gas in the torch combustor liner to one end side of the torch part. A main fuel-main oxidant supply part includes: a main fuel supply passage formed in an annular shape on an outer periphery of the torch part; and a main oxidant supply passage formed in an annular shape on an outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage.

An improved and high capacity gas igniter for furnaces and burners. The igniter can include an igniter tip that is annular in shape and includes various holes of different sizes and angular projections distributed throughout. The igniter tip may utilize a slip-joint-like mechanism or sleeve that connects inner and outer tubes of a guide tube that allows the inner tube to slide when undergoing thermal expansion. This configuration alleviates stress from building up on the inner tube and igniter tip, preventing damage.

A pilot fuel nozzle assembly includes a fuel nozzle, a swirler, and a vented pilot venturi. The vented pilot venturi has an annular wall with an oxidizer flow passage therein. An expansion flow surface portion of the venturi has a larger diameter at an outlet than at a throat of the venturi. A plurality of venturi oxidizer outlet ports extend through the expansion flow surface to the oxidizer flow passage within the annular wall to provide a flow of oxidizer through the venturi wall into a mixing cavity of the venturi and at an outlet end of the venturi. The oxidizer outlet ports are circumferentially spaced about a circumference of the expansion flow surface, and may be arranged in a plurality of rows. The oxidizer outlet ports may be angled with respect to the expansion flow surface and may angled circumferentially in a co-swirl direction with the swirler.

A burner assembly having a blower housing, a blower to supply air to the burner assembly, a blast tube having a longitudinal axis, a fuel source to supply fuel to the burner assembly, a center tube that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and conveys air and fuel to a center tube burner end opening, a plurality of premix tubes, each of which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and conveys air and fuel to a premix tube burner end opening, a diffuser that is disposed in the center tube near the center tube burner end opening, a nozzle that is disposed in the center tube substantially perpendicular to the diffuser. The center tube air and fuel mixture is fuel rich and the premix tubes air and fuel mixture is fuel lean. A method for burning the center tube air and fuel mixture and the premix tubes mixtures.

A pilot pre-mixer for a gas turbine engine has a pilot body that includes an internal mixing chamber, a first end on an upstream side of the internal mixing chamber, a second end on a downstream side of the internal mixing chamber, a fuel injector at the first end and communicable with the internal mixing chamber, a plurality of first oxidizer inlet ports arranged to provide an oxidizer agent from outside of the pilot body to the internal mixing chamber, and a plurality of pilot outlet ports at the second end and communicable with the internal mixing chamber, each of the plurality of pilot outlet ports having an outlet on the second end for dispensing a pilot fluid mixture into a combustion zone of a combustor.

Sparkless igniters for pilot services comprising hot surface igniter elements, and methods for operating these igniters without the use of flame rods or thermocouples. The electrical resistance of the hot surface igniter element is measured and used to control the operation of the igniters using a suitable burner management system. The measured electrical resistance may also be manipulated to yield a control parameter for use in the burner management system. The igniters are designed to prevent quenching of the hot surface elements by the fuel-air mixture. The igniters optionally permit easy swap out of hot surface igniter elements.

Clean combustion and equilibration equipment and methods are provided to progressively deliver, combust and equilibrate mixture of fuel, oxidant and aqueous diluent in a plurality of combustion regions and in one or more equilibration regions to further progress oxidation of products of incomplete combustion, in a manner that sustains combustion while controlling temperatures and residence times sufficiently to reduce CO and NOx emissions to below 25 ppmvd, and preferably to below 3 ppmvd at 15% O.sub.2.

A fuel nozzle for a gas turbine engine that includes: an elongated centerbody; an elongated peripheral wall formed about the centerbody so to define a primary flow annulus; a primary fuel and air supply in fluid communication with the primary flow annulus; and a pilot nozzle. The pilot nozzle, formed in the centerbody, may have axially elongated air and mixing tubes extending between inlets and outlets defined, respectively, through upstream and downstream faces of the pilot nozzle. A secondary air supply may be communicate with the inlets of the air and mixing tubes. A fuel port may be positioned in the mixing tubes for connecting each to a secondary fuel supply. An uninterrupted sidewall sealing structure in each of the air tubes may segregate an air flow therethrough from the secondary fuel supply. The air and mixing tubes may be configured as canted tubes so to induce a downstream swirling flow.

A modulating burner apparatus includes a burner and a blower placed upstream of the burner. A venturi is placed upstream of the blower. A damper valve is placed upstream of the venturi. The damper valve has an open position and a restricted position. A smaller gas valve and a larger gas valve are communicated with the venturi. A controller is operably associated with the system to select a position of the damper valve and to select the appropriate one of the gas valves so as to provide a low output operation mode and a high output operation mode, which in combination provide an overall turndown ratio of at least 25:1.

A combustion chamber for a gas turbine is provided. The combustion chamber has a pilot burner device, a fuel injector and an ignitor unit. The pilot burner device has a pilot body with a pilot surface which is facing an inner volume of the combustion chamber. The fuel injector has a fuel outlet for injecting a fuel into the inner volume. The ignitor unit is adapted for igniting the fuel inside the inner volume, wherein the ignitor unit is arranged at the pilot surface such that fuel which passes the ignitor unit is ignitable. The pilot body includes a recess, wherein the fuel outlet is arranged within the recess.