A comprehensive utilization system for high-temperature gasification and low-nitrogen combustion of biomass comprises a gasifier, a boiler and a burner installed on the boiler. The outlet of the gasifier is connected to a fuel inlet of the burner. The boiler is provided with flue-gas exhaust ports connected to a chimney. Regenerative heat exchangers are provided between the flue-gas exhaust ports and the chimney, preheating air pipes are connected to the regenerative heat exchangers and then to an auxiliary mixing chamber. The auxiliary mixing chamber is provided with a first outlet connected to the inlet of the mixer, and a second outlet connected to the high-temperature air inlet of the gasifier and the second combustion-air inlet of the burner. An outlet of the mixer is connected with the first combustion-air inlet of the burner. The chimney is connected with the flue gas inlet of the gasifier through pipes and fans.

Disclosed is a control system for controlling the feed of a solid fuel in a combustion process. The system includes a control unit which is adapted to communicate by way of a communications link in the system, to receive from online measuring instruments online measurement data regarding a fuel coming from a fuel reception unit, and to control a feeding unit for delivering the measured fuel into a fuel silo on the basis of its content model and measurement data.

A power-to-X system for the utilization of off-gases, includes an electrolyzer for generating hydrogen H2 and oxygen O2, a unit, connected to the electrolyzer, for processing the hydrogen H2, for removing any remaining water H2O and oxygen O2 from the generated stream of hydrogen H2, a compressor, connected to the unit for processing the hydrogen H2, for compressing the hydrogen H2, and a chemical reactor, connected to the compressor, for producing a synthesis gas consisting of hydrogen H2 and carbon dioxide CO2 that can be added. An oxy-fuel combustion system to which non-condensable off-gases from the chemical reactor and oxygen O2 from the electrolyzer can be supplied, and carbon dioxide CO2 generated during the combustion of the off-gases in the oxy-fuel combustion system can be returned to the stream of hydrogen H2 downstream of the electrolyzer via a return line.

An integrated biomass conversion system and a method of starting and shutting down the system are disclosed. The integrated biomass conversion system comprises a syngas generator, such as a gasifier, a cleanup engine and a syngas utilization system, which could be a power producing engine or a chemical reactor for chemical or fuel synthesis. The cleanup engine operates rich and at high temperatures so that the tars exhausted by the syngas generators are destroyed and not allowed to foul other components. An orderly sequence to start and shut down the integrated biomass conversion system is disclosed.

A heat treatment system includes a pyrolysis furnace that pyrolyzes a raw material to produce a pyrolysis product and a co-current rotary kiln that heats an object to be heated using the pyrolysis product produced in the pyrolysis furnace.

Various implementations include a combustor system including an inner wall, a fuel grate, an ash grinder, an igniter, and a fan. The inner wall defines a combustion chamber and has a longitudinal axis and first and second ends. The inner wall defines primary and secondary air inlets. The primary air inlets are defined closer than the secondary air inlets to the first end. The fuel grate is disposed within the combustion chamber between the primary and secondary air inlets and is configured to support fuel disposed within the combustion chamber. The ash grinder is disposed between the fuel grate and the secondary air inlets and is rotatable about the longitudinal axis relative to the fuel grate. The igniter provides energy to the combustion chamber. The fan is configured to cause air to flow from the primary and secondary air inlets through the second end of the combustion chamber.

A process of making a fuel product from a non-combustible high protein organic material such as a biological by-product or waste material. The moisture content of the high protein organic material is mechanically reduced and dried to reduce the moisture content to less than ten percent (10%). The high protein organic material is pulverized to a particle size of less than about 2 mm. The high protein organic waste material is fed into a combustion chamber and separated during combustion such as by spraying high protein organic waste material within the combustion chamber. Temperature and combustion reactions within the combustion chamber are controlled by controlling the moisture in the combustion atmosphere and energy injections at or downstream of the combustion chamber. The concentration of protein thermal decomposition by-products, temperature, and residence time and/or additions of energy plasma within the combustion chamber environment are controlled to degrade hazardous polyfluoro compounds.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a solid biomass fuel from agricultural waste such as grass, rice husk, yam, straw, corn cob or any combination thereof, as well as a solid biomass fuel produced by said process. Additionally, the present invention relates to a combustion process comprising combusting said solid biomass fuel so as to produce energy and a pre-treatment process for pre-treating one or more sources of biomass for use in the production of a solid biomass fuel.

An apparatus for thermal treatment of mineral materials may include a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, and a reactor for the thermal treatment of mineral materials. The first combustion chamber is configured for burning a first fuel fed by a first fuel feed device, and the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are connected via a first conduit for transferring hot gases from the first combustion chamber into the second combustion chamber. The second combustion chamber is configured for burning a second fuel that is different than the first fuel and is fed by a second fuel feed device. The second combustion chamber and the reactor are connected via a second conduit for transferring hot gases from the second combustion chamber into the reactor. The reactor has a third feed conduit for introducing a third fuel.

A heating device, preferably for the combustion of biomass, in particular of pellets of biomass, in one aspect, includes a burner part and a heating part. The burner part includes a combustion chamber; a double-walled, internally hollow combustion-chamber wall, which has an upper opening leading above the combustion zone into the combustion chamber; a flue-gas duct which leads the flue gas downwards along the combustion chamber, wherein the flue-gas duct is followed by a heat-exchanger area including initially, a flat-tube flue-gas heat exchanger, then, a tertiary-air heat exchanger; a flue-gas ventilation stack, a radiant-heat exchanger located above the combustion chamber, a flue-gas flap at the upper end of the flue-gas duct, which, when open, connects the flue-gas duct to the stack. A flat-tube flue-gas heat exchanger of the heating part forms a heat-exchanger circuit with an exhaust-air heat exchanger with the same heat-transfer medium as the flat-tube flue-gas heat exchanger.