A steam generator system configured to burn hydrogen and oxygen at stoichiometry along with a increased-pressure water and steam. Said steam generator system comprise a hydrogen source, an oxygen source, a nitrogen source, a water source, a steam source, a hydrogen-oxygen handling unit, a cooling unit, a one or more H2-O2 steam generators and a control unit. Said steam generator system is configured to provide said hydrogen source to said hydrogen-oxygen handling unit through an oxygen passage, said oxygen source to said hydrogen-oxygen handling unit through a hydrogen passage, and said nitrogen source to selectively purge said oxygen passage and said hydrogen passage. Said water source provide water to said cooling unit. Said cooling unit is configured to receive said water source and said steam source.

A self-pumping fuel injector includes a pump and a motor for, in-part, delivering fuel to a combustor at higher fuel pressures during start-up and ramping-up conditions. Each pump may include a stationary flow interuptor that intermittently and variably supplies fuel to a rotating spindle that, in-turn, expels the fuel into a nozzle of the injector for improve fuel spray distributions.

A fuel oxygen conversion unit includes a contactor defining a liquid fuel inlet, a stripping gas inlet and a fuel/gas mixture outlet; and a fuel gas separator defining a fuel/gas mixture inlet in flow communication with the fuel/gas mixture outlet of the contactor and an axis. The fuel gas separator further includes a stationary casing; and a separator assembly including a core and a plurality of paddles extending from the core, the separator assembly rotatable about the axis within the stationary casing to separate a fuel/gas mixture received through the fuel/gas mixture inlet into a liquid fuel flow and stripping gas flow.

Described herein are catalytic heating systems, comprising catalytic reactors and dual-mode fuel evaporators, and methods of operating such systems. A dual-mode fuel evaporator is thermally coupled to a catalytic reactor and comprises an electric heater used for preheating the evaporator to at least a fuel-flow threshold temperature. Upon reaching this threshold, the liquid fuel, such as ethanol or methanol, is flown into the evaporator and evaporates therein, forming vaporized fuel. The vaporized fuel is mixed with oxidant, and the mixture is flown into the catalytic reactor where the vaporized fuel undergoes catalytic exothermic oxidation. At least some heat, generated in the catalytic reactor, is transferred to the evaporator and used for the evaporation of additional fuel. When the evaporator reaches or exceeds its operating threshold, the electric heater can be turned off and all heat is supplied to the evaporator from the catalytic reactor.

Delivery mechanisms and distribution mechanisms are varied, adjusted, or modified based on a desired fuel application. Dimensions, flow rates, pressures, viscosities, temperatures, friction parameters, and combinations thereof may be varied, adjusted or modified. The fuel application may include a scrubber application. The scrubber application uses a delivery mechanism to deliver a wet or dry scrubbing agent at a low pressure to a distribution mechanism. The distribution mechanism distributes the scrubbing agent within the scrubbing chamber. The delivery mechanism is adjustable based on properties of a feedstock utilized to deliver the scrubbing agent, properties of a propellant, or properties of the scrubbing application. The distribution mechanism is adjustable based on desired distribution characteristics including shape, size, or velocity of drops, mists, or particles distributed. Location, processes, and by-products associated with output of the scrubbing application may be based on a stage of the scrubbing application.

A fuel oxygen conversion unit includes a stripping gas flowpath for a vehicle or an engine of the vehicle. The fuel oxygen conversion unit includes a stripping gas boost pump positioned in airflow communication with the stripping gas flowpath for increasing a pressure of a flow of stripping gas through the stripping gas flowpath; a contactor defining a stripping gas inlet in airflow communication with the stripping gas flowpath, a liquid fuel inlet, and a fuel/gas mixture outlet; a fuel gas separator defining a fuel/gas mixture inlet in fluid communication with the fuel/gas mixture outlet of the contactor, a stripping gas outlet, and a liquid fuel outlet; and a connection assembly mechanically coupling the stripping gas boost pump to the fuel gas separator, the connection assembly having a speed change mechanism such that the stripping gas boost pump rotates at a different rotational speed than the fuel gas separator.

A cooling fluid valve having an actuator portion extending outwardly beyond an outer surface of an actuator housing. The cooling fluid valve actuator portion includes a plug force fit into an orifice in a valve housing. The plug blocks flow of cooling fluid from a cooling fluid inlet to a cooling fluid outlet. The cooling fluid outlet is connected to communicate cooling fluid to the component. The plug is formed of a material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion. A portion of the valve housing includes the orifice receiving the plug being formed of a material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion with the second coefficient of thermal expansion being higher than the first coefficient of thermal expansion, such that when the actuator portion of the valve is exposed to heat, the force fit may be eliminated as the valve housing expands at greater rate than the plug.

A fuel oxygen conversion unit includes a stripping gas flowpath for a vehicle or an engine of the vehicle. The fuel oxygen conversion unit includes a stripping gas boost pump positioned in airflow communication with the stripping gas flowpath for increasing a pressure of a flow of stripping gas through the stripping gas flowpath; a contactor defining a stripping gas inlet in airflow communication with the stripping gas flowpath, a liquid fuel inlet, and a fuel/gas mixture outlet; a fuel gas separator defining a fuel/gas mixture inlet in fluid communication with the fuel/gas mixture outlet of the contactor, a stripping gas outlet, and a liquid fuel outlet; and a connection assembly mechanically coupling the stripping gas boost pump to the fuel gas separator, the connection assembly having a speed change mechanism such that the stripping gas boost pump rotates at a different rotational speed than the fuel gas separator.

A fuel oxygen conversion unit includes a contactor defining a liquid fuel inlet, a stripping gas inlet and a fuel/gas mixture outlet; and a fuel gas separator defining a fuel/gas mixture inlet in flow communication with the fuel/gas mixture outlet of the contactor and an axis. The fuel gas separator further includes a stationary casing; and a separator assembly including a core and a plurality of paddles extending from the core, the separator assembly rotatable about the axis within the stationary casing to separate a fuel/gas mixture received through the fuel/gas mixture inlet into a liquid fuel flow and stripping gas flow.

A cooling fluid valve having an actuator portion extending outwardly beyond an outer surface of an actuator housing. The cooling fluid valve actuator portion includes a plug force fit into an orifice in a valve housing. The plug blocks flow of cooling fluid from a cooling fluid inlet to a cooling fluid outlet. The cooling fluid outlet is connected to communicate cooling fluid to the component. The plug is formed of a material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion. A portion of the valve housing includes the orifice receiving the plug being formed of a material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion with the second coefficient of thermal expansion being higher than the first coefficient of thermal expansion, such that when the actuator portion of the valve is exposed to heat, the force fit may be eliminated as the valve housing expands at greater rate than the plug.