To grasp a state of a combustion apparatus based on a flame state of a burner, a discharge number measurement unit measures the number of discharges of a flame sensor per unit time. A light emission information generation unit generates, as light emission information, information obtained based on a value obtained by dividing a total (accumulation) of the number of discharges per unit time measured by the discharge number measurement unit by a total measurement time. A determination unit determines the state of the combustion apparatus to be inspected based on the light emission information generated by the light emission information generation unit as described above.

A multi-function sight port door includes a sensor mount attached at an aperture within the sight port door. A sensor is mounted to the sensor mount and configured to monitor the interior of a heater that the multi-function sight port door is mounted to. The multi-function sight port door is also configured to open to allow visual inspection of the interior of the heater while the sensor is mounted thereto. The multi-function sight port may be configured to allow for one or more of X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, tilt, roll, and yaw positioning of the sensor as mounted to the sight port door. The sensor may be a temperature sensor, pressure sensor, flame scanner, gas analyzer, optical-based sensor, thermal imager, thermal camera, or laser-based analyzer.

A viewport for a combustion zone includes an inner casing having a flange extending into the combustion zone. A first layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the inner casing. A middle casing includes two panes of quartz glass separated by traverse plates. A second layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the middle casing. An outer casing is positioned to the exterior of the second layer of insulation. The middle casing includes L-shaped ledges having third and fourth layers of ceramic insulation. The panes of glass are each positioned between layers of insulation and the insulation positioned in the L-shaped ledges. The viewport is modular enabling the separation of the first layer of insulation, the middle casing, the second layer of insulation and the outer casing from the combustion zone for maintenance or repair. The viewport minimizes heat migration to the outer casing during use.

A viewport for a combustion zone includes an inner casing having a flange extending into the combustion zone. A first layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the inner casing. A middle casing includes two panes of quartz glass separated by traverse plates. A second layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the middle casing. An outer casing is positioned to the exterior of the second layer of insulation. The middle casing includes L-shaped ledges having third and fourth layers of ceramic insulation. The panes of glass are each positioned between layers of insulation and the insulation positioned in the L-shaped ledges. The viewport is modular enabling the separation of the first layer of insulation, the middle casing, the second layer of insulation and the outer casing from the combustion zone for maintenance or repair. The viewport minimizes heat migration to the outer casing during use.

A viewport for a combustion zone includes an inner casing having a flange extending into the combustion zone. A first layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the inner casing. A middle casing includes two panes of quartz glass separated by traverse plates. A second layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the middle casing. An outer casing is positioned to the exterior of the second layer of insulation. The middle casing includes L-shaped ledges having third and fourth layers of ceramic insulation. The panes of glass are each positioned between layers of insulation and the insulation positioned in the L-shaped ledges. The viewport is modular enabling the separation of the first layer of insulation, the middle casing, the second layer of insulation and the outer casing from the combustion zone for maintenance or repair. The viewport minimizes heat migration to the outer casing during use.

A viewport for a combustion zone includes an inner casing having a flange extending into the combustion zone. A first layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the inner casing. A middle casing includes two panes of quartz glass separated by traverse plates. A second layer of ceramic fiber insulation is exterior to the middle casing. An outer casing is positioned to the exterior of the second layer of insulation. The middle casing includes L-shaped ledges having third and fourth layers of ceramic insulation. The panes of glass are each positioned between layers of insulation and the insulation positioned in the L-shaped ledges. The viewport is modular enabling the separation of the first layer of insulation, the middle casing, the second layer of insulation and the outer casing from the combustion zone for maintenance or repair. The viewport minimizes heat migration to the outer casing during use.

An arrangement of a thermal device and a surface reflecting and/or scattering electromagnetic radiation in the inner part of the thermal device. A source of electromagnetic radiation is arranged at a first distance (L1) from the surface, and a detector of electromagnetic radiation is arranged at a second distance (L2) from the surface. The source is configured to emit radiation to the surface, which is reflected and/or scattered from the surface as reflected radiation. The detector receives reflected radiation; and the processing unit determines data dependent on the first and/or second distance by the emitted and reflected radiation. A wall of the thermal device has a window or aperture for emitting an optical signal from the light source to the surface. An electromagnetic distance measurement device measures the thickness or the increase in the thickness of a contamination layer from a thermal device.

A window for viewing combustion includes a window body having an interior surface facing a combustion space, an opposed exterior surface facing an instrument space, and a seal surface between the interior and exterior surfaces. The seal surface tapers from the interior surface to the exterior surface and hermetically separating the instrument space from the combustion space. A coupling for connecting a combustion space to an instrument space includes a union body, flanged body and locking body all aligned along an optical axis. The union body defines a tapered bore in which a viewing window for viewing combustion is disposed.

A case for a gas turbine engine includes a case wall and a boss that extends from the case wall. The boss includes a perimeter step.

A case for a gas turbine engine includes a case wall and a boss that extends from the case wall. The boss includes a perimeter step.