A plurality of lead pins (2a-d) penetrates through a stem (1) having a circular shape and includes a signal lead pin (2a,2b). A block (4) is provided on an upper surface of the stem. A waveguide light receiving device (9) is provided on a side surface of the block. An amplifier (6) is provided on the side surface of the block and amplifies an electric signal output from the waveguide light receiving device. A first relay substrate is provided on the upper surface of the stem and arranged between the block and the signal lead pin. A first transmission line (12a,12b) is provided on the first relay substrate. A first wire (10f,10g) connects one end of the first transmission line and an output terminal of the amplifier. A second wire (10h,10i) connects the other end of the first transmission line (12a,12b) and the signal lead pin.

A light detection device including a substrate, a first light detector, a second light detector, and a switch element is provided. The first light detector is disposed on the substrate and includes a first active layer. The second light detector is disposed between the substrate and the first light detector and includes a second active layer. The switch element is disposed on the substrate. A horizontal projection of the second active layer on the substrate completely falls within a horizontal projection of the first active layer on the substrate. A negative electrode of the first light detector and a negative electrode of the second light detector are electrically connected to the switch element via a first metal layer.

The invention relates to a gonioradiometer for the direction-dependent measurement of at least one lighting or radiometric characteristic variable of an optical radiation source (2), having: an apparatus for moving a radiation source (2) during a measurement operation about a first axis (31) and about a second axis (32) that is perpendicular to the first axis (31); a measuring wall (5) exhibiting homogeneous reflection, on which the light from the radiation source (2) is reflected; and a locationally fixed and immovably arranged camera (7) having an optical unit (8) and a two-dimensional sensor chip (100). The camera (7) is arranged such that it captures light reflected on the measuring wall (5), wherein the reflected light is imaged by the optical unit (8) of the camera (8) onto the sensor chip (100) of the camera (7), and wherein the sensor chip (100) records measurement values as the radiation source (2) is rotated during a measurement operation, which measurement values indicate the lighting or radiometric characteristic variable substantially on a spherical surface about the radiation centroid of the radiation source (2). The invention furthermore relates to a method and a gonioradiometer for the direction-dependent measurement of at least one lighting or radiometric characteristic variable of an optical radiation source (2), in which provision is made for at least two fixedly installed sensors (1, 100) to be used which provide measurement values simultaneously during a measurement.

A MEMS optical device and an array composed thereof are disclosed herein, wherein the MEMS optical device comprises a light absorbing element, a deforming element, and a magnetic detector, wherein the magnetic detector comprises a magnetic source and a magnetic sensor.

An optical sensing device includes a substrate, a sensing element layer, a first planarization layer, and a second planarization layer. The sensing element layer is located on the substrate and includes a plurality of sensing elements. The first planarization layer is located on the sensing element layer and has a first slit. The second planarization layer is located on the first planarization layer and has a second slit. An orthogonal projection of the first slit extending in a direction and located on the substrate is not overlapped with an orthogonal projection of the second slit extending in the same direction and located on the substrate, and the orthogonal projection of the second slit on the substrate has a curved pattern.

The present invention relates to a method of making a light converting optical system. The method involves providing a first optical layer having a microstructured front surface comprising an array of linear grooves that reflect first light rays using total internal reflection and deflect second light rays using refraction. A thin sheet of reflective light scattering material is positioned parallel to the first optical layer. A second optical layer is provided with a microstructured front surface. A continuous photoabsorptive film layer comprising a light converting semiconductor material is positioned between the first optical layer and the reflective material, with a thickness less than the minimum thickness required for absorbing all light traversing through the film layer. The method further involves providing a light source and positioning the second optical layer on the light path between the light source and the photoabsorptive film layer.

The present application discloses an apparatus configured to measure characteristics of high power beams of laser energy used in material processing. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a housing having a first compartment and a second compartment separated from each other to reduce the transfer of thermal energy between them. Optical modules having optical sensors configured to measure characteristics of the high power beam are mounted in the first compartment. An optical window operative to allow a significant portion of the beam to propagate therethrough is mounted in an intermediate housing member separating the first and second compartments. A removable and replaceable beam dump configured to absorb most of the high power beam is positioned in the second compartment. The removability/replaceability of the beam dump enables operation of the apparatus without active cooling of the beam dump assembly, simplifying the apparatus and protecting the optical sensors in the first compartment.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing electromagnetic radiation sensing using sequential beam splitting. The apparatuses can include a micro-mirror chip having a plurality of light reflecting surfaces, an image sensor having an imaging surface, and a beamsplitter unit located between the micro-mirror chip and the image sensor. The beamsplitter unit includes a plurality of beamsplitters aligned along a horizontal axis that is parallel to the micro-mirror chip and the imaging surface. The beamsplitters implement the sequential beam splitting. Because of the structure of the beamsplitter unit, the height of the arrangement of the micro-mirror chip, the beamsplitter unit, and the image sensor is reduced such that the arrangement can fit within a mobile device. Within a mobile device, the apparatuses can be utilized for human detection, fire detection, gas detection, temperature measurements, environmental monitoring, energy saving, behavior analysis, surveillance, information gathering and for human-machine interfaces.

The invention provides an optical sensor package. The optical sensor package includes: a printed circuit board (PCB); a sensor disposed on the PCB; a glass cover disposed directly on the sensor; and an aperture disposed on the PCB comprised of a solid perimeter surrounding the sensor and a ceiling having a cut-out section above the glass cover. The cut-out section of the ceiling is smaller in area than the glass cover. The part of the aperture ceiling which overhangs the glass cover is thicker than the remaining part. The optical sensor package further includes an LED die disposed on the PCB, and Kapton tape placed over the ceiling of the aperture.

The various embodiments described herein include methods, devices, and systems for fabricating and operating superconducting photon detectors. In one aspect, a photon detector includes: (1) a first waveguide configured to guide photons from a photon source; (2) a second waveguide that is distinct and separate from the first waveguide and optically-coupled to the first waveguide; and (3) a superconducting component positioned adjacent to the second waveguide and configured to detect photons within the second waveguide.