An optical module includes: a casing; a printed circuit board (PCB) connected to a first side wall of the casing and configured to provide first electrical signals to an optical transmitter assembly; the optical transmitter assembly arranged in the casing and configured to convert the first electrical signals into first optical signals; an optical receiver adapter and an optical transmitter adapter arranged outside the casing and connected to a second side wall of the casing, wherein the optical transmitter adapter is configured to receive second optical signals; a first displacement prism arranged in the casing and configured to direct the second optical signals toward an optical receiver assembly; and the optical receiver assembly configured to convert the second optical signals into second electrical signals. At least one component of the optical receiver assembly is arranged in the casing.

The disclosure provides an optical system, an optical sensing unit and an optical sensing module. The optical system is used for forming a plurality of light spots on a plurality of photosensitive regions separated from each other. The optical system includes: a lens for receiving a first light beam and converging the first light beam; a first light-transmitting layer located under the lens, for refracting the converged first light beam into a plurality of second light beams, the plurality of second light beams being used for forming the plurality of light spots on the photosensitive regions, wherein each light spot in the plurality of light spots covers a part of the plurality of photosensitive regions; and a second light-transmitting layer located under the first light-transmitting layer, wherein the plurality of second light beams are respectively incident on the plurality of photosensitive regions through the second light-transmitting layer.

A light beam measurement device includes: a polarization measurement unit including a first measurement beam splitter provided on an optical path of a laser beam and configured to measure a polarization state of the laser beam having been partially reflected by the first measurement beam splitter; a beam profile measurement unit including a second measurement beam splitter provided on the optical path of the laser beam and configured to measure a beam profile of the laser beam having been partially reflected by the second measurement beam splitter; and a laser beam-directional stability measurement unit configured to measure a stability in a traveling direction of the laser beam, while the first measurement beam splitter and the second measurement beam splitter are made of a material containing CaF.sub.2.

The present application discloses an optical receiving device and an optical sensing device. The optical receiving device includes a lens assembly, a reflecting member, and a photosensitive member. The lens assembly includes at least one lens. The reflecting member is located on a transmission path of light passing through the lens assembly. The reflecting member has a reflecting surface. The reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light passing through the lens assembly. The photosensitive member has a photosensitive surface. The photosensitive surface is configured to receive light reflected by the reflecting surface. After passing through the lens assembly, a detecting echo light beam reflected back from a target object is reflected by the reflecting surface of the reflecting member, so that the light is transmitted to the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive member intensively.

Embodiments of the present invention include a backscatter reductant anamorphic beam sampler. The beam sampler can be implemented to measure a power of a reference beam generated by an electromagnetic radiation source in proportion to a power of a working beam. The beam sampler can provide astigmatic correction to a divergence of the working beam along one axis orthogonal to a direction of propagation. The beam sampler can further be implemented to prevent backscatter from impinging upon a photodetector of the beam sampler resulting in a reduction of error and instability in measurements taken by the beam sampler.

Target devices for characterizing terahertz imaging systems are provided. The target devices include a terahertz resolution pattern having spatially distributed resolution features and one or more prism assemblies configured to provide a variable contrast level within the resolution features when used with terahertz radiation. Each prism assembly includes first and second prisms arranged in a Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) configuration.

A laser beam monitoring system configured to monitor an attribute of an incident laser beam (24), the laser beam monitoring system comprising a beam separating element (30) and a plurality of sensors (34a-34d), wherein the beam separating element is configured to form a plurality of sub-beams (24a-24d) from the incident laser beam (24), a first sub-beam being directed towards a first sensor of the plurality of sensors and a second sub-beam being directed towards a second sensor of the plurality of sensors, wherein relative intensities of the first and second sub-beams are determined by a spatial position at which the incident laser beam is incident upon the beam separating element.

Described are an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional body comprising mutually oriented devices. In accordance with the invention, a substrate having a first and a second substrate region is provided. A first device is provided in the first substrate region. A second device is provided in the first or in the second substrate region. The substrate is bent along at least one bending edge in order to obtain a three-dimensional body. In accordance with the invention, the first device and the second device are oriented to each other by the bending in order to provide a communications path between the same.

A right angle reflection prism includes first and second surfaces that form a right angle, and a third surface connected to the first and second surfaces. The right angle reflection prism causes a laser beam, which is made incident on the first surface and with which a material to be processed is irradiated, to be totally reflected by the third surface so as to be emitted from the second surface. A sensor detects a power of a laser beam that has passed through the third surface.

The present application discloses an optical receiving device and an optical sensing device. The optical receiving device includes a lens assembly, a reflecting member, and a photosensitive member. The lens assembly includes at least one lens. The reflecting member is located on a transmission path of light passing through the lens assembly. The reflecting member has a reflecting surface. The reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light passing through the lens assembly. The photosensitive member has a photosensitive surface. The photosensitive surface is configured to receive light reflected by the reflecting surface. After passing through the lens assembly, a detecting echo light beam reflected back from a target object is reflected by the reflecting surface of the reflecting member, so that the light is transmitted to the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive member intensively.