Apparatus and methods for spectral analysis of a sample are described, for example for carrying out Raman or other optical or spectroscopic analysis of samples such as pharmaceutical dosage forms, including oral solid dosage forms such as tablets or capsules. Such apparatus may comprise delivery optics arranged to direct probe light to a delivery region of the sample, collection optics arranged to collect probe light scattered from a collection region of the sample, and a spectrometer having an entrance port, the spectrometer being arranged to receive the collected probe light from the collection optics at the entrance port of the spectrometer, and to detect spectral features in the received probe light. In particular, the collection optics may comprise Koehler integration optics arranged to process the collected probe light such that the collected light from each point of the collection region is distributed across the entrance port of the spectrometer.

An identification apparatus includes a plurality of collecting units configured to collect scattered light from a plurality of test items, a first spectroscopic unit configured to disperse light from part of the plurality of collecting units, a second spectroscopic unit configured to disperse light from a remaining part of the plurality of collecting units, an imaging unit configured to acquire a first spectrum projected from the first spectroscopic unit and a second spectrum projected from the second spectroscopic unit, the imaging unit including a plurality of light receiving elements arranged at least in a first direction, and an acquisition unit configured to acquire information about the test items based on an output signal from the imaging unit. One of a wavenumber of the first spectrum and a wavenumber of the second spectrum in the first direction increases while the other one decreases.

One embodiment provides an optical spectrometer. The optical spectrometer can include a lens-and-filter system configured to collect light scattered from a sample, a spot converter configured to convert a substantially circular beam outputted from the lens-and-filter system into a substantially rectangular beam, and a slit comprising a rectangular aperture to allow a predetermined portion of the substantially rectangular beam to enter the rectangular aperture while blocking noise. The slit can further include at least one microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based movable structure configured to adjust a width of the rectangular aperture.

A device comprising a circuitry configured to obtain a sequence of digital images from an image sensor; select a region of interest within a digital image of the sequence of digital images; perform motion compensation on the region of interest to obtain a motion compensated region of interest based on motion information obtained from the sequence of digital images and a predefined accumulated time interval; define a mask pattern based on the compensated region of interest; apply the mask pattern to an electronic light valve.

The invention provides methods and apparatus comprising a multi-wavelength laser source that uses a single unfocused pulse of a low intensity but high power laser over a large sample area to collect Raman scattered collimated light, which is then Rayleigh filtered and focused using a singlet lens into a stacked fiber bundle connected to a customized spectrograph, which separates the individual spectra from the scattered wavelengths using a hybrid diffraction grating for collection onto spectra-specific sections of an array photodetector to measure spectral intensity and thereby identify one or more compounds in the sample.

A spectroscopic unit and spectroscopic device according to the present invention are provided with a filter that is provided with a plurality of optical filter elements disposed in order from the entrance side to the exit side of light under measurement and has different transmission wavelengths corresponding to entrance positions along a first direction. A first optical filter element from among the plurality of optical filter elements is tilted with respect to a second optical filter element disposed adjacently to the first optical filter element as a result of the first optical filter element being rotated by a prescribed angle with a third direction that is perpendicular to both the first direction and s second direction from the entrance side to the exit side as the axis of rotation thereof or being rotated by a prescribed angle with the first direction as the axis of rotation thereof.

An identification apparatus includes: a plurality of light capturing units including light-capturing optical systems configured to capture a plurality of Raman scattered light fluxes from a sample, an optical fiber unit configured to include a plurality of optical fibers configured to respectively guide the captured Raman scattered light fluxes and in which the optical fibers are bundled at emission end portions thereof; a spectral element configured to disperse the guided Raman scattered light fluxes; an imaging unit configured to receive the dispersed Raman scattered light fluxes; and a data processor configured to acquire spectral data of the Raman scattered light fluxes from the imaging unit and configured to perform an identification process. The Raman scattered light fluxes dispersed by the spectral element are projected so that a spectral image formed on a light-receiving surface of the imaging unit extends along a main scanning direction of the imaging unit.

An example system can include a support and two or more sensor elements mounted to the support. Each sensor element can be electrically connected to a common electrical node and may include: a respective quench resistor connected to a respective internal node; and a respective photodiode (PD) connected to the respective internal node; a differentiating element fed by at least one of the photodiodes; a first readout electrode fed by the common electrical node; and a second readout electrode fed by the differentiating element. The common electrical node may be connected to at least one of the quench resistors or at least one of the photodiodes.

Examples of a spectroscopy probe for performing measurements of Raman spectra, reflectance spectra and fluorescence spectra are disclosed. The integrated spectral probe can comprise one or more light sources to provide a white light illumination to generate reflectance spectra, an excitation light to generate an UV/visible fluorescence spectra and a narrow band NIR excitation to induce Raman spectra. The multiple modalities of spectral measurements can be performed within 2 seconds or less. Examples of methods of operating the integrated spectroscopy probe disclosed.

A curved diffraction grating includes a substrate and a metal layer. The substrate is a two-dimensional curved plate structure and has a first surface, a second surface and a plurality of microstructures. The first surface is disposed opposite to the second surface, and the microstructures are disposed on the second surface. Each of the microstructures is a saw-tooth structure and has a clear blazed angle. The metal layer is disposed on the microstructures and has a plurality of diffraction structures corresponding to the microstructures. A spectrometer containing the curved diffraction grating and a manufacturing method of the curved diffraction grating are also disclosed.