An endoscopic imaging system for use in a light deficient environment includes an imaging device having a tube, one or more image sensors, and a lens assembly including at least one optical elements that corresponds to the one or more image sensors. The endoscopic system includes a display for a user to visualize a scene and an image signal processing controller. The endoscopic system includes a light engine having an illumination source generating one or more pulses of electromagnetic radiation and a lumen transmitting one or more pulses of electromagnetic radiation to a distal tip of an endoscope.

The invention relates to a photometer (30) for analysing the composition of a sample gas. The photometer comprises an infra-red (IR) source (20) configured to direct a first plurality of pulses (40) of IR radiation through the sample gas to an IR detector (26), at least two of the first plurality of pulses being of different wavelength. The photometer further comprises an ultraviolet (UV) source (32) configured to generate a second plurality of pulses (38) of UV radiation for conveyance to a UV detector (36), at least two of the second plurality of pulses being of different wavelength. A path selection arrangement (22, 42-50) is configured to selectively convey different ones of the second plurality of pulses (38) to one of the sample gas and the UV detector (36). The photometer further comprises processing circuitry coupled to the IR source (20), the UV source (32), the IR detector (26), the UV detector (36) and the path selection arrangement (22, 42-50). The processing circuitry is configured to (i) select the wavelength to be used for a given UV pulse of the second plurality of pulses (38), (ii) receive a plurality of detection signals from each of the IR detector (26) and the UV detector (36) and (iii) based on the detection signals, determine a concentration of at least one component of the sample gas. A method for analysing the composition of a sample gas is also disclosed.

A device for the in-ovo determination of the sex of a fertilized bird egg, having a light source for emitting excitation radiation for exciting fluorescence in a region inside the bird egg, a spectroscopic apparatus for analysing, in a temporally and/or spectrally-resolved manner, fluorescence radiation emitted from the region inside the bird egg, an evaluation unit for determining the sex from the data determined by means of the spectro-scopic apparatus and a measuring head for jointly transmitting the excitation radiation into the bird egg and receiving the fluorescence radiation from the bird egg. The measuring head has an optical fibre system with a head end for transmitting the excitation radiation and receiving the fluorescence radiation.

Described herein is a modulation device for periodically modulating light emitted by a light source. The modulation device includes at least one enclosing tube being rotatable about a cylinder axis of the enclosing tube. The enclosing tube includes at least one aperture disposed within a cylindrical wall of the enclosing tube. The modulation device further includes at least one driving system for rotating the enclosing tube about the cylinder axis. Also described herein are a modulated illumination device and a spectrometer device.

A colorimetric apparatus has a shutter unit that can shift between a closed position and an open position. The apparatus body has: a shifting member that can shift between a projection position, at which the shifting member projects in a first direction, and a retraction position, at which the shifting member retracts in a second direction; a first pressing member that presses the shifting member in the first direction; and an operation conversion means that converts the shift operation of the shifting member with respect to the apparatus body to the shift operation of the shutter unit. In a state in which the shifting member is at the projection position, the shutter unit is at the closed position. When the shifting member shifts from the projection position to the retraction position, the shutter unit shifts from the closed position to the open position.

A system for monitoring a petrochemical installation is disclosed. The system can include an optical imaging system comprising an array of optical detectors. The system can comprise processing electronics configured to process image data detected by the optical imaging system. The processing electronics can be configured to detect a target species based at least in part on the processed image data. The processing electronics can further be configured to, based on a detected amount of the target species, transmit an alarm notification to an external computing device over a communications network indicating that the target species has been detected at the petrochemical installation.

An optical scanning apparatus is provided. An objective lens receives a reflectance spectrum from a sample. A spectral detector detects a first path of the reflectance spectrum and outputs a spectral response. An imaging detector detects a second path of the reflectance spectrum and outputs an image response. A beam splitter is located between the objective lens and each of the spectral detector and imaging detector and splits the reflectance spectrum into the first path and the second path.

A method for retrieving a corrected spectrum from a measured spectrum (e.g., retrieving a top-of-water spectrum from a measured top-of-atmosphere spectrum) includes creating a scene-specific model of a region of interest and performing a ray-tracing simulation to simulate rays of light that would reach an airborne (or spaceborne) sensor. The region of interest can be an optically complex area such as an inland or coastal body of water. Based on the ray-tracing simulation, a scene-specific correction for unwanted effects (e.g., adjacency effects, variable atmospheric conditions, and/or other suitable effects) is obtained. A corrected spectrum is obtained by correcting the measured spectrum using the scene-specific correction. The ray-tracing simulation may be performed using a graphical processing unit, allowing the scene-specific correction to be performed in real time or near real time.

Disclosed herein a spectral device with enhanced stability of optical sensor and an operating method of the device. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a spectral device including: a light splitter configured to split an incident light into a reference light and a signal light; at least one beam shutter configured to perform control for selectively outputting at least one of the reference light and the signal light and for blocking the two signals together; and a controller configured to provide an absorption property of a bio-material by comparatively quantizing an intensity of the reference light and an intensity of the signal light, which are received into a sensor through the beam shutter.

The present disclosure relates to the field of optical systems. The envisaged multi-scan optical system is compact and stable. The system comprises an excitation source, a hydra fiber cable, a wavelength selector, an optical element, and a detector. The excitation source is configured to emit composite light. The hydra fiber cable has a head and a plurality of tentacles, and is configured to receive the composite light via a second lens. The plurality of tentacles is configured to emit the composite light towards the wavelength selector which includes a plurality of optical slits (s1-s8) and a plurality of shutters. The wavelength selector is configured to selectively collect and filter the composite light directed by a first lens and the plurality of tentacles by means of the plurality of shutters. The detector is configured to detect the plurality of spectral line scans reflected by the optical element for spectrometric analysis.