The disclosure provides a method, system, device and medium for online monitoring of a plane stress field without baseline data based on a piezoelectric transducer array. Since Lamb waves have complex multi-mode characteristics, a suitable excitation frequency needs to be selected according to geometric dimensions of the structure to be measured, and then, only low-order mode Lamb waves are excited inside the measured structure to avoid serious waveform aliasing. For isotropic measured objects, anisotropic characteristics will be generated under the action of pre-stresses, that is, the propagation velocities of ultrasonic waves in all directions are different, but there is a linear relationship between velocity changes in different propagation directions and stresses. Therefore, there is still a linear relationship between the difference of velocity changes in different propagation directions and the stress. According to this characteristic, a characterization method of an absolute stress field without baseline data can be implemented. The method of the disclosure can make full use of the low attenuation characteristics of the Lamb waves to realize online monitoring of the plane stress field with a large coverage area.

The disclosure provides a method, system, device and medium for online monitoring of a plane stress field without baseline data based on a piezoelectric transducer array. Since Lamb waves have complex multi-mode characteristics, a suitable excitation frequency needs to be selected according to geometric dimensions of the structure to be measured, and then, only low-order mode Lamb waves are excited inside the measured structure to avoid serious waveform aliasing. For isotropic measured objects, anisotropic characteristics will be generated under the action of pre-stresses, that is, the propagation velocities of ultrasonic waves in all directions are different, but there is a linear relationship between velocity changes in different propagation directions and stresses. Therefore, there is still a linear relationship between the difference of velocity changes in different propagation directions and the stress. According to this characteristic, a characterization method of an absolute stress field without baseline data can be implemented. The method of the disclosure can make full use of the low attenuation characteristics of the Lamb waves to realize online monitoring of the plane stress field with a large coverage area.

A system and method of use to train a user the correct use of a toothbrush are provided. A typical user may be a child, and correct use may include not biting the toothbrush. Accordingly the system includes a toothbrush capable of detecting when it is bitten. This may be achieved by including a sensor capable of detecting pressure applied to a head and/or a brush assembly of the toothbrush from two opposing directions at the same time. The user may initially be provided with training material that encourages the user to associate correct use of the toothbrush with a (pleasurable) sound. When the user brushes his or her teeth without biting the toothbrush, the sound associated with correct use is provided by an audio device. If the user bites the toothbrush, the sound is switched off until the bite is released and normal brushing recommences.

A sensing element having improved temperature and pressure characteristics including at least one acoustic sensing device formed mainly from a silicon substrate and having a microelectromechanical system without the use of quartz or polymer, wherein the at least one acoustic sensing device detects a torque associated with a metal object subject to said torque, and a high temperature bonding surface for directly connecting the sensing element to the metal object via a high temperature connecting processes comprising at least one of soldering, metalizing and/or brazing, without the need for a polymer adhesive. Related sensors using such sensing elements and methods are also disclosed herein.

A sensing element having improved temperature and pressure characteristics including at least one acoustic sensing device formed mainly from a silicon substrate and having a microelectromechanical system without the use of quartz or polymer, wherein the at least one acoustic sensing device detects a torque associated with a metal object subject to said torque, and a high temperature bonding surface for directly connecting the sensing element to the metal object via a high temperature connecting processes comprising at least one of soldering, metalizing and/or brazing, without the need for a polymer adhesive. Related sensors using such sensing elements and methods are also disclosed herein.

The present invention relates to a tactile sensor, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same. Particularly, the present invention relates to a tactile sensor comprising an input layer for receiving an external tactile stimulus; a microphone member; and a medium layer disposed between the input layer and the microphone member, and including gas therein to transmit vibrations by the stimulus, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same.

The present invention relates to a tactile sensor, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same. Particularly, the present invention relates to a tactile sensor comprising an input layer for receiving an external tactile stimulus; a microphone member; and a medium layer disposed between the input layer and the microphone member, and including gas therein to transmit vibrations by the stimulus, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same.

A system and method of use to train a user the correct use of a toothbrush are provided. A typical user may be a child, and correct use may include not biting the toothbrush. Accordingly the system includes a toothbrush capable of detecting when it is bitten. This may be achieved by including a sensor capable of detecting pressure applied to a head and/or a brush assembly of the toothbrush from two opposing directions at the same time. The user may initially be provided with training material that encourages the user to associate correct use of the toothbrush with a (pleasurable) sound. When the user brushes his or her teeth without biting the toothbrush, the sound associated with correct use is provided by an audio device. If the user bites the toothbrush, the sound is switched off until the bite is released and normal brushing recommences.

The present invention relates to a tactile sensor, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same. Particularly, the present invention relates to a tactile sensor comprising an input layer for receiving an external tactile stimulus; a microphone member; and a medium layer disposed between the input layer and the microphone member, and including gas therein to transmit vibrations by the stimulus, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same.

The present invention relates to a tactile sensor, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same. Particularly, the present invention relates to a tactile sensor comprising an input layer for receiving an external tactile stimulus; a microphone member; and a medium layer disposed between the input layer and the microphone member, and including gas therein to transmit vibrations by the stimulus, a tactile stimulation sensing method using the same, and a robot skin and a robot comprising the same.