A pressure sensor outputting an electrical signal upon a fluid pressure in a target space includes a diaphragm having a pressure receiving surface disposed in the target space for receiving a fluid pressure, and a back surface on a back side of the pressure receiving surface, an inner member disposed to face the back surface and a diaphragm supporting portion connected to the diaphragm. The diaphragm includes a center portion disposed to face the inner member and is distorted as a concave shape toward the detecting direction because of the heat transmitted to the pressure receiving surface and the distortion of the center portion as a concave shape toward the detecting direction. A contacting portion provided on a connecting portion between the center portion and the outside portion is in contact with the inner member.

A microfabricated pressure transducer is formed in a multilayer substrate by etching a plurality of shallow and deep wells into the layers, and then joining these wells with voids formed by anisotropic etching. The voids define a flexible membrane over the substrate which deforms when a force is applied.

A system for non-intrusively measuring process fluid pressure within a process fluid conduit is provided. The system includes a measurement bracket configured to couple to an external surface of the process fluid conduit. The measurement bracket generates a variable gap based on deformation of the process fluid conduit in response to process fluid pressure therein. A gap measurement system is coupled to the measurement bracket and provides an electrical signal based on a measurement of the variable gap. A controller is coupled to the gap measurement system and is configured to calculate and provide a process fluid pressure output based on the electrical signal and information relative to the process fluid conduit.

A gauge for a hybrid pressure and flowgauge regulator includes first indicia and second indicia. The first indicia provides an indication of a flow rate of a gas exiting an outlet of the hybrid pressure and flowgauge regulator when the gas exits with a pressure below a gauge threshold pressure. The second indicia provides an indication of the pressure of the gas exiting the outlet of the hybrid pressure and flowgauge regulator when the pressure of the gas exiting the outlet is above the gauge threshold pressure.

Systems and methods for operating a communication device. The methods comprise: monitoring, by the processor, states of snap-dome based switches of a keypad provided with the communication device; activating, by the processor, a first timer when the snap-dome based switches are simultaneously activated; detecting, by the processor, when maintenance of the communication device is needed based on a value of the first timer; and causing, by the processor, performance of communication device maintenance based on the detecting, for immersion time and immersion depth fatigue.

A system for non-intrusively measuring process fluid pressure within a process fluid conduit is provided. The system includes a measurement bracket configured to couple to an external surface of the process fluid conduit. The measurement bracket generates a variable gap based on deformation of the process fluid conduit in response to process fluid pressure therein. A gap measurement system is coupled to the measurement bracket and provides an electrical signal based on a measurement of the variable gap. A controller is coupled to the gap measurement system and is configured to calculate and provide a process fluid pressure output based on the electrical signal and information relative to the process fluid conduit.

A gauge for a hybrid pressure and flowgauge regulator includes first indicia and second indicia. The first indicia provides an indication of a flow rate of a gas exiting an outlet of the hybrid pressure and flowgauge regulator when the gas exits with a pressure below a gauge threshold pressure. The second indicia provides an indication of the pressure of the gas exiting the outlet of the hybrid pressure and flowgauge regulator when the pressure of the gas exiting the outlet is above the gauge threshold pressure.

An over-pressure indicator, including a cup-shaped body having, on its bottom, a hole inside which is sealably housed a mobile element loaded by a spring towards the bottom of the cup-shaped body, the mobile element facing an indicator sensitive part for communication with an area where pressure verification is wanted. The mobile element coupled with a signaller of a movement thereof. The spring pressed by a pre-loading ring nut screwed onto the cup-shaped body. The nut torsionally removably coupled with a calibration cap of the indicator. The calibration cap having at least one stop that, when it abuts against a portion of the cup-shaped body, limits further screwing of the nut thus determining pressure beyond which mobile element movement is allowed. The movement causing intervention of the indicator so by coupling the suitable calibration cap and indicator and screwing it in fully, setting the indicator intervention pressure is possible.

A hybrid pressure and flowguage regulator apparatus includes a regulator body, an inlet, and an outlet assembly. The outlet assembly includes a first orifice of a first size, a second orifice of a second size that is larger than the first size, and a mechanism that automatically moves the first orifice between a first position and a second position. When the first orifice is in the first position, the flow of gas passes through both the first orifice and second orifice. When the first orifice is in the second position, the flow of gas bypasses the first orifice and flows through the second orifice with a specific flow rate or a second pressure that is less than the first pressure. The apparatus may also include a gauge that provides a visual indication of both the specific flow rate and the second pressure.

A hybrid pressure and flowguage regulator apparatus includes a regulator body, an inlet, and an outlet assembly. The outlet assembly includes a first orifice of a first size, a second orifice of a second size that is larger than the first size, and a mechanism that automatically moves the first orifice between a first position and a second position. When the first orifice is in the first position, the flow of gas passes through both the first orifice and second orifice. When the first orifice is in the second position, the flow of gas bypasses the first orifice and flows through the second orifice with a specific flow rate or a second pressure that is less than the first pressure. The apparatus may also include a gauge that provides a visual indication of both the specific flow rate and the second pressure.