A multi-phase sampling collection system includes a three-way four-port valve unit that includes a valve housing having a first port, a second port opposite the first port, and a third port. The valve unit includes an inner valve member that is movably disposed within the valve housing between a plurality of positions. The inner valve member has a main valve body that has a first valve opening, a second valve opening opposite the first valve opening, a third valve opening and a fourth valve opening opposite the third valve opening. The third valve opening is defined by a plurality of orifices for mixing incoming non-homogenous fluid to generate a mixed homogenous fluid and the fourth valve opening has a lesser diameter that the third valve opening for increasing fluid pressure drop, fluid velocity, and fluid turbulence resulting in improved mixing of the non-homogenous fluid that exits through the fourth valve opening.

A compact, portable, low-cost electrostatic bioaerosol sampler device is provided for collection of aerosolized biological and non-biological particles. The device may be used for long-term, large-scale deployment. With a low-pressure design, the device can sample a high flowrate of 10 lit/min with a low-power fan. The device collects dust particles with a nominal size range of 1-10 μm, with an efficiency of >60%. The device may include aerosol sensing components, a particle ionizer, and an electrostatic precipitator. A removable cassette includes a ground plate for collection of ionized particles and a high voltage plate opposite the ground plate. A divider may be included beneath the ionizer to facilitate separation of collected particles by size on the ground plate.

Provided is a system for stabilizing a flow of gas introduced into a sensor, wherein, in connection with manufacturing equipment comprising a process chamber, a process chamber vacuum pump installed to remove internal gas of the process chamber, and a sensor device configured to be able to receive the internal gas of the process chamber through a sensor connecting pipe and to detect components thereof, the system comprises a sensor connecting pipe and a bypass pipe branching off from the sensor connecting pipe such that a part of the gas can be directly discharged to the outside without being introduced into the sensor, and the system is accordingly configured to stably provide the sensor device with a part of the internal gas within a predetermined range per time, regardless of a change in the pressure state of the process chamber.

A cyclone includes a hollow cylindrical upper portion and a hollow conical lower portion having an inclined wall and a base wall. The base wall and the inclined wall are continuous contact with each other, and the inclined wall of the hollow conical lower portion is in continuous contact with an outer wall of the hollow cylindrical upper portion. A total cyclone height is from about 10 to about 30 millimeters, and a ratio of the total cyclone height to an inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical upper portion is from about 0.7 to about 1.3. An angle between an inner surface of the base wall and an inner surface of the inclined wall is from about 110 to about 130 degrees.

The system, configured for being on board an aircraft, includes a probe for collecting samples of contrail, a chamber for collecting the samples, a collecting conduit for conducting the samples from the collecting probe the collecting chamber and at least one device for measuring at least one parameter characterizing the samples in the collecting conduit while they are conducted from the collecting probe to the collecting chamber. By virtue of the system, it is not necessary to use a second aircraft that follows the aircraft for collecting samples of contrail.

Disclosed are systems and methods to provide rapid and autonomous detection of analyte particles in gas and liquid samples. Disclosed are methods and devices for identifying biological aerosol analytes using MALDI-MS and chemical aerosol analytes using LDI and MALDI-MS using time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS).

A light scattering particulate matter measuring apparatus is disclosed. The light scattering particulate matter measuring apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a casing provided with an inlet into which outside air flows and an outlet through which is exhausted measured air of which the particulate matter concentration has been measured; an airflow pathway which connects the inlet and the outlet in the casing and along which outside air moves; and an external temperature-humidity sensor which is provided on the outside of the casing and measures the temperature and relative humidity of outside air.

A quartz crystal microbalance coated with functionalized nanoparticles used to detect molecule-nanoparticle interactions to assist with characterization of difficult to predict molecule-nanoparticle interactions for novel ligand chemistries and, particularly, mixed ligand nanoparticles exhibiting different ligand morphologies, in order to quantify nanoparticle-molecule interactions independently from more complex solvation requirements.

A quartz crystal microbalance coated with functionalized nanoparticles used to detect molecule-nanoparticle interactions to assist with characterization of difficult to predict molecule-nanoparticle interactions for novel ligand chemistries and, particularly, mixed ligand nanoparticles exhibiting different ligand morphologies, in order to quantify nanoparticle-molecule interactions independently from more complex solvation requirements.

An insertion-type probe main body for insertion into a pipe transporting gas and a method for making such an insertion-type probe main body are provided. The probe main body includes: an elongate upper tubular portion; an elongate lower tubular portion which is integral with and having a diameter smaller than the upper tubular portion; a bore which extends between the upper and lower tubular portions; and helical fins integrally formed on the lower tubular portion and which wind along and around an outer surface of the lower tubular portion and which overlap each other. A radial extension of the lower tubular portion plus helical fins corresponds to an external radius of the upper tubular portion, so that the helical fins extend in a streamline fashion from the upper tubular portion. Numerous other aspects are provided.