A multi-phase sampling collection system includes a three-way four-port valve unit that includes a valve housing having a first port, a second port opposite the first port, and a third port. The valve unit includes an inner valve member that is movably disposed within the valve housing between a plurality of positions. The inner valve member has a main valve body that has a first valve opening, a second valve opening opposite the first valve opening, a third valve opening and a fourth valve opening opposite the third valve opening. The third valve opening is defined by a plurality of orifices for mixing incoming non-homogenous fluid to generate a mixed homogenous fluid and the fourth valve opening has a lesser diameter that the third valve opening for increasing fluid pressure drop, fluid velocity, and fluid turbulence resulting in improved mixing of the non-homogenous fluid that exits through the fourth valve opening.

An insertion-type probe main body for insertion into a pipe transporting gas and a method for making such an insertion-type probe main body are provided. The probe main body includes: an elongate upper tubular portion; an elongate lower tubular portion which is integral with and having a diameter smaller than the upper tubular portion; a bore which extends between the upper and lower tubular portions; and helical fins integrally formed on the lower tubular portion and which wind along and around an outer surface of the lower tubular portion and which overlap each other. A radial extension of the lower tubular portion plus helical fins corresponds to an external radius of the upper tubular portion, so that the helical fins extend in a streamline fashion from the upper tubular portion. Numerous other aspects are provided.

A portable handheld sampling device for collecting aerosol particles in a stream of exhaled breath provided with an inlet and an outlet, wherein the sampling device further comprises a housing and a collecting device holder removably arranged at least partially inside the housing, wherein the housing and the collecting device holder are arranged to guide the stream of exhaled breath through the device from the inlet to the outlet, wherein said collecting device holder comprises at least two cylindrical conduits arranged in parallel, each defining a flow path in fluid connection with the inlet, wherein a cylindrical collecting device is arranged in each conduit, the collecting device being adapted to collect the aerosol particles in the exhaled breath. A method for collecting aerosol particles in exhaled breath of a user using a portable handheld sampling device by means of a reopening breathing maneuver.

A device for quantitatively detecting a leak of a gas of interest including a suction pipe having an upstream suction inlet intended to be brought into the vicinity of a region within which a leak is to be detected, a ventilation apparatus generating a gas stream in the suction pipe having a flow rate greater than 300 m3/H circulating from the upstream suction inlet to the downstream of the pipe, and downstream of the ventilation apparatus, a sampling member.

A desorber for a spectrometer, comprising a housing, which has supply lines and discharge lines for a sample carrier gas, together with a closable opening, and an induction unit arranged in the housing, wherein the induction unit comprises a high-permeability and electrically insulating coil carrier, a coil arranged in the coil carrier, a high-permeability sample carrier that can be removed via the closable opening, wherein the sample carrier is designed as an inductive heating element, for purposes of heating a substance to be desorbed, which is applied to the sample carrier, and the coil carrier and the coil are arranged spaced apart from the sample carrier by a gap, such that the magnetic flux, generated by an alternating current flowing in the coil, flows through the sample carrier via the coil carrier and the gap.

Apparatuses systems and methods for gas emission rate detection sensitivity and probability of detection (PoD) based on emission rate. A measurement system may be characterized by its ability to detect gas plumes as a function of the emission rate of those plumes. The measurement system may be characterized based on a generalized PoD function which expresses PoD relative to emission rate as a function of gas concentration noise and gas flow speed. In an example application, the PoD may be used to estimate a cumulative distribution of gas plumes which were not detected based on a cumulative distribution of measured gas plumes. In another example application, the PoD may be used to refine an estimate for a measured emission rate.

A system and a method for reusing carbon dioxide are provided. The system includes: a process apparatus configured to discharge exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide therefrom; a purifying device configured to purify the exhaust gas, and thus produce reused carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas and store the produced reused carbon dioxide; a first supply tank configured to receive the reused carbon dioxide from the purifying device; a second supply tank configured to receive the reused carbon dioxide from the first supply tank and provide the reused carbon dioxide to the process apparatus; and a blocking device configured to, based on determining that a purity of the reused carbon dioxide provided from the purifying device to the first supply tank fails to satisfy a predefined reference, block flow of the reused carbon dioxide from the purifying device to the first supply tank.

Disclosed is a liquid impinger, for example a liquid impinger, particularly a disposable liquid impinger. The liquid impinger comprises, for example, at least one nozzle positioned in the interior and attached to the bottom portion. In some aspects, the liquid impinger comprises a polymeric material. Also disclosed are methods of making the liquid impinger comprising, for example, forming at least two components, assembling the at least two components into the liquid impinger, filling the liquid impinger with liquid, and exposing the filled liquid impinger to radiation for sterilization prior to use. Also disclosed are methods of using the liquid impinger, for example, by transporting a gas comprising analytes through the liquid impinger and transferring at least a portion of the analytes from the gas into the liquid contained therein. The method further comprises, for example, after transferring analytes form the gas into the liquid, incubating and/or detecting at least a portion of the analytes in the liquid without removing the liquid from the liquid impinger.

The aerosol diluting apparatus includes a first diluting unit to provide a first modified sample flow by combining an aerosol sample flow with a first diluting gas flow, an ejector unit to draw the first modified sample flow from the first diluting unit to the ejector unit and to provide a second modified sample flow by mixing a second dilution gas flow with the first modified sample flow, a control unit, and a control valve, wherein the control unit and the control valve are arranged to adjust flow rate of the second dilution gas flow according to an inlet pressure of the aerosol sample flow, so as to keep the dilution factor of the diluting apparatus substantially independent of the inlet pressure.

Systems and methods are described for isolating a sample at a valve prior to introduction to an analysis system, such as sample analysis via ICP-MS. A system embodiment can include, but is not limited to, a valve system including a first valve in fluid communication with a sample reservoir and a second valve configured to permit and block access of a vacuum source to the first valve; a sensor system configured to detect presence or absence of a fluid at the first valve; and a controller configured to control operation of the second valve to block access of the vacuum source to the first valve upon detection of the fluid at the first valve to isolate the fluid within the sample reservoir.