A method of sampling a multi-layered material and a micro-sampling tool are described. The sampling method includes penetrating a top surface of a material in a component of interest with a micro-cutting tool to a predetermined depth sufficient to include each layer of the multi-layered material and a portion of the base, without cutting through the full depth of the base, undercutting from the depth of penetration through the base to define a micro-sample of the multi-layered material, and removing the micro-sample with each layer of the multi-layered material intact. The micro-sampler includes a cutting tool calibrated to cut to a depth no greater than 2 mm, and in some aspects, no greater than 200 microns into a multi-layered material, the material having a top surface and a metallic or ceramic base and a container for removing and storing a micro-sample cut from the material with each layer of the multi-layered material and a portion of the base intact.

The invention provides an apparatus for creating a hole in a glass container with a medium stored therein, comprising: a laser system configured to focus laser pulses with a wavelength in the ultraviolet regime onto the glass container such as to create a hole in the glass container by laser ablation preferably without creating significant amounts of glass particles inside and outside the glass container.

Systems and methods are described to maintain a liquid sample segment of a sample transmitted through a transfer line from a remote sampling to an analysis system. A system, embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a sample transfer line configured to transport a liquid sample from a remote sampling system via gas pressure; a sample loop fluidically coupled with the sample transfer line, the sample loop configured to hold a sample fluid; and a backpressure chamber fluidically coupled with a gas pressure source and with the sample transfer line, the backpressure chamber configured to supply a backpressure against the liquid sample during transport through the sample transfer line.

Systems and methods for safe collection and transportation of fluid samples for analysis are described to avoid exposure of hazardous materials to personnel during collection and transfer of samples to laboratory processing equipment. A system embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a sample module including an enclosure configured to separate a sample from an external environment; a filling station defining a compartment into which the sample module can be received, the filling station configured to direct a fluid sample into the sample module and to rinse fluid connections between the filling station and the sample module prior to decoupling of the sample module from the filling station; and a sample transfer station configured to receive the sample module and to transfer sample from the sample module and direct the sample into a sample container.

A method of sampling a multi-layered material and a micro-sampling tool are described. The sampling method includes penetrating a top surface of a material in a component of interest with a micro-cutting tool to a predetermined depth sufficient to include each layer of the multi-layered material and a portion of the base, without cutting through the full depth of the base, under-cutting from the depth of penetration through the base to define a micro-sample of the multi-layered material, and removing the micro-sample with each layer of the multi-layered material intact. The micro-sampler includes a cutting tool calibrated to cut to a depth no greater than 2 mm, and in some aspects, no greater than 200 microns into a multi-layered material, the material having a top surface and a metallic or ceramic base and a container for removing and storing a micro-sample cut from the material with each layer of the multi-layered material and a portion of the base intact.

Systems and methods are described to maintain a liquid sample segment of a sample transmitted through a transfer line from a remote sampling to an analysis system. A system embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a sample transfer line configured to transport a liquid sample from a remote sampling system via gas pressure; a sample loop fluidically coupled with the sample transfer line, the sample loop configured to hold a sample fluid; and a backpressure chamber fluidically coupled with a gas pressure source and with the sample transfer line, the backpressure chamber configured to supply a backpressure against the liquid sample during transport through the sample transfer line.

A method and system for acquiring fuel characteristics on board an aircraft. The method for acquiring fuel characteristic on board an aircraft includes a least one tank and comprises a determination step determining a fuel circuit in one tank among the tank or tanks. The circuit includes at least one pump pumping the fuel from the tank into the circuit. A fuel properties measurement unit and a first valve are configured to open or close the circuit. A filling step includes filling the circuit with fuel. An acquisition step includes acquiring a value respectively for each of the fuel characteristics of the tank, and a transmission step includes transmitting, to a user device, a signal representative of the acquired values of the fuel characteristics.

The invention provides a sampling arrangement (105) for sampling from a reactor (50), the sampling arrangement (105) comprising a gas inlet (110), a solvent inlet (120), a solvent compartment (130), one or more multiple-position valves (140), a sampling compartment (150), and an outlet, wherein in a first operational mode (10) the one or more multiple-position valves (140) are configured to provide: fluid contact between the solvent inlet (120) and the solvent compartment (130); fluid contact between the reactor (50) and the sampling compartment (150); and fluid separation between the solvent compartment (130) and the sampling compartment (150); and wherein in a second operational mode (20) the one or more multiple-position valves (140) are configured to provide: fluid contact between the gas inlet (110), the solvent compartment (130), the sampling compartment (150), and the outlet (160).

The present disclosure relates to an automatic control system and method for water treatment of a thermal sterilization kettle. The system comprises a sampling module, a monitoring module and a control module, wherein the sampling module is used for respectively sampling hot water and cold water, and the monitoring module is arranged to respectively monitor online fluorescence signals in the sampled hot water and the sampled cold water; the control module is used for respectively controlling whether to add a compound medicament into a hot water area or not according to the online fluorescence signal of the sampled hot water and controlling whether to add the compound medicament into a cold water area or not according to the online fluorescence signal of the sampled cold water; and meanwhile, the monitoring module is further used for monitoring the residual chlorine signal of the sampled cold water.

A system and method for testing the oil in a transformer, comprising attaching a threaded shaft to the wall of the oil tank at a height sufficient to avoid the sediments that accumulate on the bottom of the oil tank, drilling a small hole through the stud into the tank, attaching a ball valve to the stud, and filling a double-ended glass vial through the hole. The double-ended glass vial preferably comprises a cap with a tapered barbed stem incorporating a shut off valve that can be connected to the ball valve port by means of simply processing the tapered barb stem into the ball valve port.