The invention relates to a device for determining a volume of gas in a sample contained in a vessel, the device comprising: a frame configured to attach the vessel; a needle having a longitudinal axis, comprising a proximal part and a distal part, the distal part being configured to pierce the vessel and the proximal part comprising a lumen; and an analysis compartment comprising a cell in fluid communication with the lumen of the proximal part of the needle. The invention also relates to a method for determining a volume of gas in a sample contained in a vessel.

The invention relates to an apparatus for analyzing reactions, comprising at least one reactor (1) and at least two sample vessels (13), wherein, in the case of an apparatus having one reactor (1), the reactor (1) is connected to at least two sample vessels (13), and, in the case of an apparatus having more than one reactor (1), each reactor (1) is connected to at least one sample vessel (13). The invention further relates to a method of analyzing reactions in such an apparatus.

A system, device, and a method for determining a compound content in transformer oil are provided. The method includes positioning a syringe filled with transformer oil in the device to transfer the oil to a vial using the device. The device includes a stand, a threaded rod, a handle, a disc, and a syringe holder. The threaded rod is movable in a vertical direction by rotation of the handle and is configured to apply pressure via the disc on a plunger of the syringe positioned in the syringe holder to maintain an airtight connection between the vial and the device. The compound content is determined using a gas chromatograph by analyzing an aliquot extracted from a headspace gas of the vial.

A closure device for gas-tightly closing the opening of a vial which in use contains a liquid or solid material and sufficient headspace volume for performing off-line or automated headspace microextraction under vacuum conditions. The closure device allows for the air-evacuation of the sample container through a cavity with a seal in the presence or absence of the sample and maintains the low-pressure conditions for extended times and during handling of low or high-capacity extracting units. The methods are for off-line or automated headspace microextraction under vacuum conditions, so that the extracting unit with analytes can be conveniently analyzed by means of an analytical instrumentation such as gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography, and/or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A system, device, and a method for determining a compound content in transformer oil are provided. The method includes positioning a syringe filled with transformer oil in the device to transfer the oil to a vial using the device. The device includes a stand, a threaded rod, a handle, a disc, and a syringe holder. The threaded rod is movable in a vertical direction by rotation of the handle and is configured to apply pressure via the disc on a plunger of the syringe positioned in the syringe holder to maintain an airtight connection between the vial and the device. The compound content is determined using a gas chromatograph by analyzing an aliquot extracted from a headspace gas of the vial.

An autosampler is provided with a needle that has a capacity to retain a sample therein and has both ends each formed in a pointed shape, a first adapter that has an opening and causes the needle and a syringe pump to be in communication with each other through the insertion of the upper end part of the needle into the opening, and a second adapter that connects the needle and a mobile-phase liquid-delivery flow path using a structure similar to that of the first adapter. The autosampler is configured such that the first adapter and the second adapter are attached to and removed from the upper end part of the needle so as to create flow paths including the needle as necessary and carry out a sampling operation and injecting operation.

An automated multiple-sample processor for fluid samples includes a plurality of piston pumps which have a sample opening, a cylindrical housing and an axially displaceable piston and which are removably mounted in a support frame. The two spiral springs are both designed either as extension springs or as compression springs. In the case the two spiral springs are provided as the extension springs with a release lever in a first installation position, the triggering of the release lever results in the piston being pushed into the cylindrical housing. In the case the two spiral springs are provided as the compression springs with the release lever in a second installation position, which is rotated by 180 with respect to the first installation position, the triggering of the release lever results in the piston being pushed out of the cylindrical housing.

An automated multiple-sample processor for fluid samples includes a plurality of piston pumps which have a sample opening, a cylindrical housing and an axially displaceable piston and which are removably mounted in a support frame. The two spiral springs are both designed either as extension springs or as compression springs. In the case the two spiral springs are provided as the extension springs with a release lever in a first installation position, the triggering of the release lever results in the piston being pushed into the cylindrical housing. In the case the two spiral springs are provided as the compression springs with the release lever in a second installation position, which is rotated by 180 with respect to the first installation position, the triggering of the release lever results in the piston being pushed out of the cylindrical housing.

System, method, and apparatus embodiments characterize potential air emissions during the pig receiver depressurization. The mass flow rate, pressure, and temperature of exhaust gas released from the pig receiver are ascertained using a mass flow meter, pressure gauge, and temperature gauge, respectively. A flow meter and control valve regulate flow of exhaust gas through a sampling line and into a grab sample collection train. The grab sample collection train includes grab sample containers (e.g., piston cylinders, double-ended cylinders, and evacuated canisters) that collect exhaust gas samples over a range of pressures. The exhaust gas samples are used to determine the concentrations of gas components in the exhaust gas over the range of pressures. These concentrations are interpolated and/or extrapolated to provide a concentration versus pressure curve for each identified component in the exhaust gas. The ascertained mass flow rate and gas concentration curve are used to characterize potential mass emissions of each gas component during pig receiver depressurization.

System, method, and apparatus embodiments characterize potential air emissions during the pig receiver depressurization. The mass flow rate, pressure, and temperature of exhaust gas released from the pig receiver are ascertained using a mass flow meter, pressure gauge, and temperature gauge, respectively. A flow meter and control valve regulate flow of exhaust gas through a sampling line and into a grab sample collection train. The grab sample collection train includes grab sample containers (e.g., piston cylinders, double-ended cylinders, and evacuated canisters) that collect exhaust gas samples over a range of pressures. The exhaust gas samples are used to determine the concentrations of gas components in the exhaust gas over the range of pressures. These concentrations are interpolated and/or extrapolated to provide a concentration versus pressure curve for each identified component in the exhaust gas. The ascertained mass flow rate and gas concentration curve are used to characterize potential mass emissions of each gas component during pig receiver depressurization.