A composition sensor for measuring composition of fluid mixtures is presented. The composition sensor includes a plurality of high-brightness emission sources having respective spectrally narrow wavelength emission bands in the infrared region. The wavelength emission bands overlap absorption wavelength bands of the composition. The wavelength emission bands are wavelength multiplexed and time multiplexed prior to emission through a fluid mixture. A single optical detector senses the emitted light. The composition sensor includes arms that can rotate to measure composition at different angular position of a pipe in a lateral section of an oil well. Rotation of the arms is provided by rotation of an element of a mobile vessel to which the arm is rigidly coupled. The rotation of the arms is provided by a rotation of a nose of the mobile vessel that rotates independently from a main body of the mobile vessel.

A system for reading and reporting data from a production of an alcoholic beverage includes a data capture device having a sensor end for placement within a liquid. The sensor end has at least two sensors for measuring data related to the liquid. A transmitter located within the data capture device is coupled to the at least two sensors and the transmitter periodically transmits the data related to the liquid. Color transmission or reflection of the liquid is used to measure clarity, color of the liquid, and relative sugar content.

A method and instrument for determining optical density of a solution is disclosed. A flow cell 1 having at least three light paths (4a, 4b, 4c) is provided (100), wherein each light path has a respective predetermined path length, l. Absorbance readings are taken (400), A, of the solution at the at least three light paths (4a, 4b, 4c). For each pair of light paths, a slope, αc, is calculated (500) by dividing a difference in absorbance reading, ΔA, with a difference in path length, Δl. The calculated slopes, αc, are compared (600), and a) if the calculated slopes, αc, are the same, the slope is used for determining (700) optical density of the solution, or b) if he calculated slopes, αc, are not the same, the steepest slope of the calculated slopes is used for determining (701a) optical density of the solution, or the slope of the calculated slopes being in the range of an absorbance reading of 0.01 to 2 is used for determining (701b) optical density of the solution

An antioxidant sensor includes a pressure sensor configured to obtain a contact pressure between an object and an optical sensor; the optical sensor configured to, based on the obtained contact pressure exceeding a set threshold pressure, emit a first light of a first wavelength to the object, and receive the first light reflected or scattered from the object; and a processor configured to determine a contact portion of the object in contact with the optical sensor, set a threshold pressure, among different threshold pressures, according to the determined contact portion, and determine an antioxidant value based on the received first light.

Disclosed is a detection method for detecting occurrence of nonspecific reaction in analysis for an antigen or an antibody contained in a biological sample with use of a measurement reagent containing an antibody or an antigen that causes antigen-antibody reaction with the antigen or the antibody in the biological sample, and the detection method includes: generating a data group about progress of antigen-antibody reaction between the antigen or the antibody contained in the biological sample and the antibody or the antigen contained in the measurement reagent; inputting the data group to a deep learning algorithm; and generating information about occurrence of nonspecific reaction, based on a result outputted by the deep learning algorithm.

Systems for measuring a concentration of a target species include a first and second tunable diode laser generating laser light at a respective first and second wavelength each corresponding to respective absorption lines of the target species. A first optical fiber is optically coupled to the first tunable diode laser, and does not support a fundamental mode at the second wavelength. A second optical fiber is coupled to the second tunable diode laser and does not support a fundamental mode at the first wavelength. A fiber bundle includes respective distal ends of the first and second optical fibers, which are stripped of their respective coatings and arranged with their claddings adjacent to each other. A pitch head is configured to project respective optical beams from the fiber bundle through a measurement zone. A catch head located across the measurement zone receives the projected beams and directs them to a sensor.

A system for non-invasively measuring an analyte in a vehicle driver and controlling a vehicle based on a measurement of the analyte. At least one solid-state light source is configured to emit different wavelengths of light. A sample device is configured to introduce the light emitted by the at least one solid-state light source into tissue of the vehicle driver. One or more optical detectors are configured to detect a portion of the light that is not absorbed by the tissue of the vehicle driver. A controller is configured to calculate a measurement of the analyte in the tissue of the vehicle driver based on the light detected by the one or more optical detectors, determine whether the measurement of the analyte in the tissue of the vehicle driver exceeds a pre-determined value, and provide a signal to a device configured to control the vehicle.

A method for measuring bilirubin concentration in a sample includes preparing a sensing element, where the sensing element may include a plurality of carbon dots, adding the sample to the sensing element, where the sample may include a plurality of bilirubin molecules, obtaining a first grayscale image of the sensing element under ultra-violet (UV) irradiation, irradiating visible light with a wavelength between 470 nm and 490 nm on the sensing element, obtaining a second grayscale image of the sensing element under ultra-violet (UV) irradiation, calculating a light intensity difference by calculating a difference between a first average light intensity of the first grayscale image and a second average light intensity of the second image, and determining the bilirubin concentration based on a correlation between the bilirubin concentration and the light intensity difference.

Measuring a concentration of at least one target species is described. A first and second tunable diode laser are configured to generate laser light at a respective wavelength different from one another. A pitch head comprising a transmitting optic is optically coupled to the first and second tunable diode lasers via distal ends of the first and second optical fibers, and is oriented to project respective beams from each of the first and second distal ends through a measurement zone. A photodetector is configured to detect an optical power of light in the first and second wavelengths. A catch head located across the measurement zone from the pitch head is in optical communication with the pitch head to receive the respective beams from the first and second distal ends and direct the respective beams to the photodetector.

Methods, apparatuses, and systems for improving gas detecting devices are provided. An example gas detecting device may include a receiver element. In some examples, the receiver element may include a sample filter component and a reference filter component. In some examples, the sample filter component may be positioned coaxially with the reference filter component.