A method for multi-spectral scattering-matrix tomography includes a step of splitting an input light signal into an incident light signal and a reference light signal. The sample light signal is directed to a sample in either a reflection configuration or a transmission configuration such that an output light signal includes light scattered from or transmitted through the sample. The incident signal and the reference light signal are directed to a camera angled to allow for amplitude and phase to be calculated by off-axis holography. A total light signal is measured with a camera that is a coherent sum of the reference light signal and the output signal. The total light signal for each light frequency and each incident angle are collected as collected total light signal data. A computing device derives an image of the sample from a calculated reflection matrix or transmission matrix or both of them.

The present disclosure describes a flow cell, a read head, and a skid attachment for measuring real-time molecular weight for downstream process control. In an embodiment, the flow cell comprises a hollow cylindrical tube, an inlet flange connected to an inlet of the tube, and an outlet flange connected to an outlet of the tube. In an embodiment, the read head comprises at least one push rod, at least two line contacts, where the at least one push rod is configured to push an outer side wall of a flow cell against the at least two line contacts. In an embodiment, the skid attachment comprises a plurality of arms connected to an enclosure configured to house at least a multi-angle light scattering instrument comprising a read head.

An object of the invention is to provide a defect inspection device capable of correcting image forming position deviation due to displacement of a sample surface in a Z direction while enabling image forming detection from a direction not orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of illumination. The detect inspection device according to the invention is configured to determine on which lens in a lens array scattered light is incident according to a detection elevation angle of the scattered light from a sample, and an image position of the scattered light having a small elevation angle is corrected more than an image position of the scattered light having a large elevation angle (see FIG. 19).

Methods and apparatus for detecting biological agents suspended in air in real time. A method includes emitting towards an air sample a beam of monochromatic polarized light whose wavelength corresponds to an absorption maximum of a biological molecule. The method further includes receiving, at different scattering angles, the scattered light beam after passing through the sample and determining that there are particles in the sample that contain the biological molecules of interest if the intensity of the scattered light has a substantially higher peak than the rest of the scattered light. The amount of the biological molecules is then estimated according to the amplitude of the peak. The size of the particles containing the biological molecules is also estimated as a function of the scattering angle where the peak was detected.

An image inspection apparatus includes: an image capturing unit which captures images of an object; a transparent illumination unit which has a light-emitting surface which radiates light to the object and is configured to be able to control a light-emitting position on the light-emitting surface and a radiation direction of the light; and a control unit which is configured to control the image capturing unit and the illumination unit. The control unit causes the illumination unit to change the light-emitting position and the radiation direction, causes the image capturing unit to capture images of the object, identifies a light-emitting position and a radiation direction of the illumination unit when a measurement point of the surface of the object is illuminated from images of the object, and calculates a distance to the measurement point on the basis of the identified light-emitting position and the identified radiation direction.

A new liquid flow cell assembly for light scattering measurements is disclosed which utilized a floating manifold system. The assembly operates with minimal stacked tolerances by aligning the cell to the windows within a manifold and independently aligning the cell to the read head directly. This configuration enables the ability to replace the flow cell or the flow cell/manifold assembly within a light scattering instrument without the need to realign the flow through elements with the light scattering illumination source while still maintaining reproducible, quality data. Some embodiments employ wide bore cells which enable the measurement of process analytic technology (PAT) including online monitoring of reactions.

The present invention relates in one aspect to a ballast water analysis system comprising fluorometer and light scattering meter. The fluorometer comprises a first light source arranged to illuminate a first ballast water sample for obtaining a first fluorescence measurement on a first ballast water sample. The light scattering meter comprises a second light source arranged to illuminate a second ballast water sample with a second light beam and first and second photodetectors arranged to receive light at respective angles relative to a direction of the second light beam. The second and third photodetectors are configured to receive scattered light resulting from interaction between light from the second light source and matter, such as viable or non-viable microorganisms and other particles, in the second ballast water sample.

The invention relates to methods and devices to identify an infection via light scatter from a tissue surface.

A hemispherical scanning optical scatterometer and method for its use for measuring scattered radiation, with a reflected scatter measurement laser, and/or a transmitted scatter measurement laser, an array of optical detectors, a computer controlled system to rotate the array of optical detectors, an electronic system, a computer interface and a computer for processing the signal.

Systems and methods for determining one or more properties of a sample are disclosed. The systems and methods disclosed can be capable of measuring along multiple locations and can reimage and resolve multiple optical paths within the sample. The system can be configured with one-layer or two-layers of optics suitable for a compact system. The optics can be simplified to reduce the number and complexity of the coated optical surfaces, et al. on effects, manufacturing tolerance stack-up problems, and interference-based spectroscopic errors. The size, number, and placement of the optics can enable multiple simultaneous or non-simultaneous measurements at various locations across and within the sample. Moreover, the systems can be configured with an optical spacer window located between the sample and the optics, and methods to account for changes in optical paths due to inclusion of the optical spacer window are disclosed.