The invention pertains to a device for determination of a catalyst state in a chemical reactor and to a method for detecting a catalyst state under in situ reaction conditions. A reactor is provided with a solid catalyst provided in a reactor chamber. A fluid sample is taken from the reactor chamber and is transferred to a sample chamber. The temperature at the extraction site of the sample in the reactor chamber is determined and the temperature of the sample chamber is adjusted to the same temperature. A small amount of the catalyst provided in reactor chamber is provided in sample chamber and is contacted with the sample flow. Spectroscopic information is then obtained on the catalyst provided in sample cell, e.g. by an IR spectrometer.

Examples herein include an apparatus having a substrate, a sensor over the substrate including an active surface and a sensor bond pad, a molding layer over the substrate and covering sides of the sensor, the molding layer having a lower portion with a first molding height relative to a top surface of the substrate and an upper portion with a second molding height relative to the top surface of the substrate, the first molding height and the second molding height each being greater than a height of the active surface, the second molding height being great than the first molding height; and a lidding layer over at least some of the lower portion of the molding layer and over the active surface. The lidding layer and the molding layer form a space over the active surface of the sensor that defines a flow channel.

The problem of detecting whether a urine sample is true human urine or a counterfeit urine product is solved by the use of reagent systems that detect two markers normally present in human urine. The markers acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase catalyze the substrates thymolphthalein monophosphate and p-nitrophenol phosphate, respectively. These substrates are formulated as spot tests on a dip stick or as reagents for use in automated chemical analyzers. The presence of the markers can be qualitatively detected by color-changes in the sample, formed by the pH-specific chromogens that result from catalysis of the substrates with the markers. The control reagent can further indicate whether a counterfeit urine product contains one or both of the chromogens.

Methods and systems for colorimetrically analyzing a liquid medium by analyzing chemical test strip images are provided. The liquid medium can be industrial water in an industrial water system. Image analyzing software carries out the analysis. The results of the analysis can be used to diagnosing a chemical treatment regimen of the industrial water system. A chemical test strip holder can be used to enhance reliability and repeatability of the imaging process and/or subsequent analysis.

A mixing device for operating biological, chemical or biochemical materials used in an assay includes a mixing member formed with a plurality of chambers, each having a sealable port provided along an edge of the mixing member. The mixing device also includes one or more compartments that are movable along the edge of the mixing member between selected ones of the sealed chambers. This compartment is operable to receive materials from and transfer materials between the chambers. Selected ones of the chambers include associated processing elements, for example, including heating and cooling elements, magnetic elements, membranes and lateral flow devices. The mixing device is also pivotable, for example, to facilitate the application of gravity force in the transfer of materials between the chambers and one or more compartments. The mixing device may operate manually by hand-held unit. Also, this mixing device may operate automatically with at least one driving unit.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-reflection silicon-based liquid immersion micro-channel measurement device and measurement method capable of improving measurement sensitivity by completely separating, through multi-reflection, first reflective light reflected by a sample detection layer and a second reflective light by a prism-buffer solution interface and by allowing the light to enter multiple times through the multi-reflection. The multi-reflection silicon-based liquid immersion micro-channel measurement device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a micro-channel structure including a support, and one or more micro-channels formed on the support and each having a sample detection layer with a fixed bioadhesive material for detecting a sample, a sample injection unit configured to inject a buffer solution containing the sample into the micro-channel, a prism unit including a prism, and a reflection structure formed by coating a bottom surface of the prism with a mirror reflection material, the polarized light generating unit configured to generate polarized light, and the polarized light detecting unit configured to detect a polarization change of reflected light.

The present disclosure relates to methods, compositions and apparatus for monitoring and improving oral health by utilizing information about nitric oxide levels in an individual's oral cavity. In an embodiment, the disclosure provides methods and apparatus for monitoring nitric oxide metabolites in saliva; this information may be utilized as it relates to improving oral health, i.e. monitoring and improving oral hygiene and increasing the consumption of nitric oxide-potent foods. In an embodiment, methods for improving oral health in a subject comprising, use of an oral cleanser by an individual, wherein the oral cleanser comprises a potassium nitrate source; and use of a saliva test strip for measuring nitrite and nitrogen oxides in the oral cavity of the individual are provided. In an embodiment, a novel nitrate-rich gum composition is provided.

An optical sensor includes an input part, a fixing part, and a determining part. The input part is provided on the upper side of the sensor. The fixing part on which a carrier is disposed is provided below the input part. The carrier has an acceptor that reacts with an analyte contained in the sample and is fixed on the carrier. The determining part includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a hollow area. The first metal layer is configured to receive an electromagnetic wave. The second metal layer faces the first metal layer. The hollow area is sandwiched between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The input part, the fixing part, and the hollow area form a part of a passage where the sample flows from the input part to the hollow area.

Portable devices for anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) testing are provided. These devices can be used in various applications, including but not restricted to the following: uniform testing of patients for ADAs; selection of therapeutic drug for patient treatment; evaluation of the need to change therapeutic drug or to apply tolerance regimens; selection of patients for clinical trials; comparison of therapeutic drugs marketed for a given disease and also gene therapy; scientific guidance for discovering therapeutic drugs; therapeutic drug development; postmarketing surveillance of therapeutic drugs.

The present disclosure comprises a device and accompanying method for determining the presence or absence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a sample. The disclosure includes the following elements: (1) a lateral flow strip for microfluidic manipulation of a sample; (2) a cassette device for containing the lateral flow strip and enabling interface with a detection device; (3) a cassette handler; (4) a luminous reagent delivery device; and (5) an electromagnetic radiation detection device capable of converting chemiluminescent radiation from the lateral flow strip into an output for a user.